Brachytherapy is a kind of radiation therapy performed using a local origin of radioactive material placed into the body near the tumor. The word arises from the Greek word, brachys for ‘brief ’ or ‘short’ and refers to electromagnetic radiation delivered via insertion of radioactive materials a short distance from or within the tumor. It is a therapy that is delivered in close proximity to the target, typically through the use of indwelling radiation sources, allowing greater dose delivery to the target with limited toxicity to surrounding structures.