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Macrocycle-Based Synthetic Ion Channels

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Handbook of Macrocyclic Supramolecular Assembly

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Abstract

Natural ion transporters are membrane-bound proteins that play a vital role in many complex biological processes. Malfunction of these proteins is closely associated with various life-threatening diseases called channelopathies. Significant efforts have been devoted to develop transporter replacement therapies that can alleviate the symptoms of channelopathies caused by these faulty proteins. However, due to instability of proteins, much attention has been given to synthesize stable artificial ion transporters that could mimic the function of natural ion transporters. Macrocycle-based ion channels remain much attractive as it has defined cavity to accommodate specific ions and functional group diversity could be easily prepared to mimic the specific function of natural proteins. Hence, this chapter is focused on synthetic ion transporters derived from various macrocycles that transport ions through either unimolecular channels or supramolecular self-assembled channels through non-covalent interactions across the lipid bilayer. An overview of engineering of macrocycles to obtain internally functionalized channels for tuning their ion selectivity has been given. The macrocycle-based ion channels discussed are derived from cyclic peptides, crown ethers, pillar[n]arene, calix[n]arene, resorcin[n]arene, cyclodextrin, hydrazide, organic cages, and metal organic framework units.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Harekrushna Behera & Jun-Li Hou

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  1. Harekrushna Behera
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  2. Jun-Li Hou
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Correspondence to Harekrushna Behera .

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  1. College of Chemistry, Nankai University College of Chemistry, Tianjin, Tianjin, China

    Yu Liu

  2. College of Chemistry, Nankai University College of Chemistry, Tianjin, Tianjin, China

    Yong Chen

  3. College of Chemistry, Nankai University College of Chemistry, Tianjin, Tianjin, China

    Heng-Yi Zhang

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Behera, H., Hou, JL. (2019). Macrocycle-Based Synthetic Ion Channels. In: Liu, Y., Chen, Y., Zhang, HY. (eds) Handbook of Macrocyclic Supramolecular Assembly . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1744-6_64-1

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