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Bystander Effect

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Cancer

  • 63 Accesses

Synonyms

Abscopal effect; Distant bystander effect; In vitro bystander effect; In vivo bystander effect; Indirect effect; Nontargeted effect; “Out-of-field” effect; Radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE); Stress-induced bystander effect

Definition

The term “bystander effect” refers to changes in naïve (“bystander”) cells sharing the same milieu with cells that have been damaged. The radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) is now a well-established consequence of ionizing radiation and is manifested as increased genomic abnormalities and loss of viability of unirradiated cells associated with the targeted cells.

Characteristics

The term “bystander effect” was first used to explain the results obtained in cell cultures irradiated with α-particles (energetic helium nuclei with the short range of absorption which can be produced by cyclotrons or synchrotrons). Although only a few cells were traversed by α-particles, many more exhibited sister chromatid exchanges, indicating that...

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References

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See Also

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Molecular Radiation Biology Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia

    Olga A. Martin

  2. The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

    Olga A. Martin

Authors
  1. Olga A. Martin
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Correspondence to Olga A. Martin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abt. Tumorgenetik, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany

    Manfred Schwab

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Martin, O.A. (2014). Bystander Effect. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_755-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_755-9

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27841-9

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