Definition
A ground treatment process performed to accomplish one of two things, either to reduce the flow of water or to improve the ground characteristics by drilling boreholes into the foundation and injecting materials under pressure into the subsurface foundation.
Each hole on a grouting project is an extension of the earlier exploration holes and the data gathered are utilized to increase the understanding of subsurface conditions. The injected materials used in grouting range from cementitious grout (particulate) materials to a variety of chemical grouts.
Grouting to Reduce the Flow of Water
Grouting foundations at dams and canals to reduce water flows is among the oldest grouting applications, dating to the early 1800s (Houlsby 1990) with grout curtains used since the 1890s (Bruce et al. 2010). The historical practice was to install vertically oriented grout holes, but it is now common to use two closely spaced curtain rows aligned along the dam axis that are oppositely...
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Bruce DA, Dreese TL, Heenan DM (2010) Design, construction, and performance of seepage barriers for dams on carbonate foundations. Environ Eng Geosci 16:183–193
Houlsby AC (1990) Construction and design of cement grouting. Wiley, New York. 442p
Johnsen LF, Bruce DA, Byle MJ (eds) (2003) Grouting and ground treatment. Geotechnical special publication 120. American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE Press, New York, 2 volumes
USACE (2017) Grouting technology. US Army Corps of Engineers. EM 1110-2-3506. 538p
Weaver K, Bruce DA (2007) Dam foundation grouting, Revised and Expanded Edition. American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE Press. 504p
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Cato, K. (2018). Grouting. In: Bobrowsky, P.T., Marker, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73568-9_152
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73568-9_152
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