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Handbook of Immunosenescence pp 1–21Cite as

Molecular Mechanisms of Apoptosis in Naive and Memory Human T-Cell Subsets

Effect of Age

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Abstract

There are multiple ways for cells to die, including necrosis and apoptosis. Apoptosis or programmed cell death or suicidal cell death is a physiological form of cell death, which is critical in cellular homeostasis. Apoptosis occurs in almost all cell types in the body and begins as early as eight-cell embryo stage and continues throughout the lifespan of the organism, albeit at different rate. There are multiple roads to apoptotic cell death, including extrinsic or death receptor-mediated and intrinsic, which may be mediated via mitochondrial pathway and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pathways. Most of apoptotic cell deaths are mediated by serine proteases, the caspases, which cleave a number of target substrates, including enzymes, transcription factors, and structural proteins. However, apoptosis may also be mediated by caspase-independent pathways. In this review, we will discuss molecular signaling and regulation of death receptor pathways, particularly CD95- and TNFR-mediated apoptosis and mitochondrial and ER stress pathways of apoptosis in naïve and various memory subsets of T cells, and changes during human aging.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA

    Sudhir Gupta

  2. Allergy & Immunology, Hoag Medical Group, Newport Beach, CA, USA

    Ankmalika Gupta

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  1. Sudhir Gupta
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  2. Ankmalika Gupta
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Correspondence to Sudhir Gupta .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Geriatrics Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke Dept. of Medicine, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada

    Tamas Fulop

  2. Dept of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Claudio Franceschi

  3. Institute for Health and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan

    Katsuiku Hirokawa

  4. Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Graham Pawelec

Addendum

Addendum

Since submission, we have published molecular mechanisms associated with increased sensitivity of aged naïve and central memory CD8+ T cells to TNF-α-induced apoptosis (Gupta et al. 2018).

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Gupta, S., Gupta, A. (2018). Molecular Mechanisms of Apoptosis in Naive and Memory Human T-Cell Subsets. In: Fulop, T., Franceschi, C., Hirokawa, K., Pawelec, G. (eds) Handbook of Immunosenescence. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_36-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_36-1

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