Natural Killer Cells and Alzheimer’s Disease

Le Page, Aurélie; Dupuis, Gilles; Fülöp, Tamàs

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_146-1

Natural Killer Cells and Alzheimer’s Disease

Aurélie Le Page⁵,
Gilles Dupuis⁶ &
Tamàs Fülöp⁵

Living reference work entry
First Online: 05 November 2018

222 Accesses

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease that affects an increasing number of individuals worldwide. The underlying cause(s) of the late-onset form (LOAD) of the disease is still a matter of intensive investigations. The possibility that infectious organisms are involved in the etiology of AD has been gaining momentum. Furthermore, a wealth of data has suggested the involvement of the immune system in AD. In this context, properties of cells of the innate immune system such as natural killer (NK) cells specialized in destroying virus-infected cells have recently been investigated in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subjects and patients with a mild form (mAD) of the disease and data compared to healthy elderly individuals. These studies revealed an absence of differences in immune senescence between the three experimental groups. However, there were differential phenotypic changes in aMCI and mAD patients. This was the case of TLR2 and TLR9 (both decreased in AD) and NKG2A (decreased in aMCI). However, functional assays revealed an absence of modification of killing and degranulation activity in the cohort despite increased CD95 receptor, granzyme B expression, and upregulation of TNFα and IFNγ production. Furthermore, decreased chemotactic activity to CCL19 but not to CCL21 was observed in aMCI and mAD patients. Increased CD16 expression was observed in mAD patients. The bulk of these data suggested that NK cells of aMCI subjects were in a state of activation state in response of an as-yet-unidentified challenge.

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Abbreviations

AD:: Alzheimer’s disease
ADCC:: Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
BBB:: Blood-brain barrier
CD:: Cluster of differentiation
CNS:: Central nervous system
EOAD:: Early onset of Alzheimer’s disease
IFN:: Interferon
KIR:: Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor
LOAD:: Late onset of Alzheimer’s disease
MHC:: Major histocompatibility complex
NK:: Natural killer
TLR:: Toll-like receptor
TNF:: Tumor necrosis factor

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Authors and Affiliations

Research Center of Aging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
Aurélie Le Page & Tamàs Fülöp
Department of Biochemistry and Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
Gilles Dupuis

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Aurélie Le Page
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Gilles Dupuis
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Tamàs Fülöp
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Correspondence to Tamàs Fülöp .

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Division of Geriatrics Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke Dept. of Medicine, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
Tamas Fulop
Dept of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Claudio Franceschi
Institute for Health and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
Katsuiku Hirokawa
Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Graham Pawelec

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Le Page, A., Dupuis, G., Fülöp, T. (2019). Natural Killer Cells and Alzheimer’s Disease. In: Fulop, T., Franceschi, C., Hirokawa, K., Pawelec, G. (eds) Handbook of Immunosenescence. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_146-1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_146-1
Received: 01 May 2018
Accepted: 21 October 2018
Published: 05 November 2018
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-64597-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-64597-1
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

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