Introduction
The earliest periods of human history are still defined by the archaeological evidence for fundamental changes in the materials from which people made objects and the increasingly refined methods they used to make them. The importance of conserving and studying the evidence for these changes is universally accepted as a legitimate archaeological activity. From the medieval period onward in Europe, innovations in the use of mechanical energy as well as extended commercial activity created the conditions toward the end of the eighteenth century for an equally fundamental change in the methods of manufacturing objects, resulting in an economic and social transformation sufficiently rapid and profound as to deserve the term “industrial revolution.” This signified the beginning of a historical phenomenon that has affected an ever-greater part of the human population, the landscape, and even the climate of our planet and continues to the present day.
However, at least in the...
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Barker, D., and D. Cranstone, eds. 2004. The archaeology of industrialization, Society for post-medieval archaeology monograph. Vol. 2. Leeds: Maney.
Casella, E.C., and J. Symonds, eds. 2005. Industrial archaeology: Future directions. New York: Springer.
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Palmer, M. (2020). Industrial Archaeology. In: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_1769-2
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