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Pathophysiology of Fetal and Neonatal Kidneys

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Neonatology

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Abstract

Fetal renal development is a complex phenomenon. The ureteric bud and metanephric mesenchyme interaction is essential for nephrogenesis which results from the expression of specific genes, the fetal environment, or the interaction of both factors. IUGR, maternal diabetes, maternal undernutrition, micronutrient deficiency, and fetal or neonatal exposure to drugs (NSAIDS, ACE-Is, glucocorticoids, aminoglycosides) or to toxic (alcohol) are known to affect nephrogenesis. After a brief review of fetal and neonatal renal physiology, pathologic situations including preterm birth, congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, kidney diseases, and kidney-pharmacology interactions will be developed. Renal maldevelopment and exposure to factors that can alter the fetal and neonatal renal functions and structure increase the risk of hypertension and chronic renal disease in adulthood. Long-term follow-up is thus required and early markers of nephron dosing and renal injury should be developed with the aim to implement preventive strategies.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neonatology, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France

    Farid Boubred

  2. Division of Pediatrics, CHUV and UNIL, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland

    Umberto Simeoni

Authors
  1. Farid Boubred
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  2. Umberto Simeoni
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Umberto Simeoni .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

    Giuseppe Buonocore

  2. Department of Pediatrics Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

    Rodolfo Bracci

  3. Liverpool Women’s Hospital Neonatal Unit, Liverpool, UK

    Michael Weindling

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Boubred, F., Simeoni, U. (2018). Pathophysiology of Fetal and Neonatal Kidneys. In: Buonocore, G., Bracci, R., Weindling, M. (eds) Neonatology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29489-6_261

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29489-6_261

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-29487-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-29489-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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