Skip to main content

Introduction of Genes Into Primary Murine Splenic B Cells Using Retrovirus Vectors

  • Protocol
B Cell Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 271))

Abstract

Primary murine splenic B cells can be cultured ex vivo and, following treatment with LPS, cytokines and/or CD40L proliferate, and undergo class switch recombination and terminal differentiation to become immunoglobulin-secreting plasmacytic cells. Methods are described here for introducing genes, encoding either normal or blocking forms of experimental proteins, into murine splenic B cells using retrovirus vectors. This makes it possible to study the effects of these proteins on late stages of B-cell development, including proliferation, class switch recombination, and plasmacytic differentiation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Sieckmann, D. G., Asofsky, R., Mosier, D. E., Zitron, I. M., and Paul, W. E. (1978) Activation of mouse lymphocytes by anti-immunoglobulin, I: parameters of the proliferative response. J. Exp. Med. 147, 814–829.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Chen-Bettecken, U., Wecker, E., and Schimpl, A. (1985) IgM RNA switch from membrane to secretory form is prevented by adding antireceptor antibody to bacterial lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine primary B-cell cultures. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 7384–7388.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Piskurich, J. F., Lin, K. I., Lin, Y., Wang, Y., Ting, J. P., and Calame, K. (2000) BLIMP-I mediates extinction of major histocompatibility class II transactivator expression in plasma cells. Nat. Immunol. 1, 526–532.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Shaffer, A. L., Lin, K. I., Kuo, T. C., et al. (2002) Blimp-1 orchestrates plasma cell differentiation by extinguishing the mature B cell gene expression program. Immunity 17, 51–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Evstafieva, A. G., Ugarova, T. Y., Chernov, B. K., and Shatsky, I. N. (1991) A complex RNA sequence determines the internal initiation of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA translation. Nucleic Acids Res. 19, 665–671.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Andersson, J., Bullock, W. W., and Melchers, F. (1974) Inhibition of mitogenic stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibodies, I: mode of action. Eur. J. Immunol. 4, 715–722.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Knodel, M., Kuss, A. W., Berberich, I., and Schimpl, A. (2001) Blimp-1 overexpression abrogates IL-4-and CD40-mediated suppression of terminal B cell differentiation but arrests isotype switching. Eur. J. Immunol. 31, 1972–1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Costa, G. L., Benson, J. M., Seroogy, C. M., Achacoso, P., Fathman, C. G., and Nolan, G. P. (2000) Targeting rare populations of murine antigen-specific T lymphocytes by retroviral transduction for potential application in gene therapy for autoimmune disease. J. Immunol. 164, 3581–3590.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Pear, W. S., Nolan, G. P., Scott, M. L., and Baltimore, D. (1993) Production of high-titer helper-free retroviruses by transient transfection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 8392–8396.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Emi, N., Friedmann, T., and Yee, J. K. (1991) Pseudotype formation of murine leukemia virus with the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus. J. Virol. 65, 1202–1207.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Muller, A. J., Young, J. C., Pendergast, A. M., Pondel, M., Landau, N. R., Littman, D. R., and Witte, O. N. (1991) BCR first exon sequences specifically activate the BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase oncogene of Philadelphia chromosomepositive human leukemias. Mol. Cell Biol. 11, 1785–1792.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Cullen, B. R. (1986) Trans-activation of human immunodeficiency virus occurs via a bimodal mechanism. Cell 46, 973–982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wigler, M., Pellicer, A., Silverstein, S., and Axel, R. (1978) Biochemical transfer of single-copy eucaryotic genes using total cellular DNA as donor. Cell 14, 725–731.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Chen, S. T., Iida, A., Guo, L., Friedmann, T., and Yee, J. K. (1996) Generation of packaging cell lines for pseudotyped retroviral vectors of the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus by using a modified tetracycline inducible system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 10,057–10,062.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Mastromarino, P., Conti, C., Goldoni, P., Hauttecoeur, B., and Orsi, N. (1987) Characterization of membrane components of the erythrocyte involved in vesicular stomatitis virus attachment and fusion at acidic pH. J. Gen. Virol. 68(Pt 9), 2359–2369.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Yee, J. K., Friedmann, T., and Burns, J. C. (1994) Generation of high-titer pseudotyped retroviral vectors with very broad host range. Methods Cell Biol. 43(Pt A), 99–112.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Ory, D. S., Neugeboren, B. A., and Mulligan, R. C. (1996) A stable human-derived packaging cell line for production of high titer retrovirus/vesicular stomatitis virus G pseudotypes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 11,400–11,406.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Burns, J. C., Friedmann, T., Driever, W., Burrascano, M., and Yee, J. K. (1993) Vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein pseudotyped retroviral vectors: concentration to very high titer and efficient gene transfer into mammalian and nonmammalian cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 8033–8037.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Asensi, V., Himeno, K., Kawamura, I., Sakumoto, M., and Nomoto, K. (1990) In vivo treatment with anti B-220 monoclonal antibody affects T and B cell differentiation. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 80, 268–273.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. George, A., Rath, S., Shroff, K. E., Wang, M., and Durdik, J. M. (1994) Ligation of CD45 on B cells can facilitate production of secondary Ig isotypes. J. Immunol. 152, 1014–1021.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Conti, C., Mastromarino, P., and Orsi, N. (1991) Role of membrane phospholipids and glycolipids in cell-to-cell fusion by VSV. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 14, 303–313.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Dahlenborg, K., Pound, J. D., Gordon, J., Borrebaeck, C. A., and Carlsson, R. (1997) Terminal differentiation of human germinal center B cells in vitro. Cell Immunol. 175, 141–149.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Choi, Y. S. (1997) Differentiation and apoptosis of human germinal center B-lymphocytes. Immunol. Res. 16, 161–174.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Arpin, C., Dechanet, J., Van Kooten, C., et al. (1995) Generation of memory B cells and plasma cells in vitro. Science 268, 720–722.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Liu, Y. J. and Banchereau, J. (1997) Regulation of B-cell commitment to plasma cells or to memory B cells. Semin. Immunol. 9, 235–240.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Kim, H. S., Zhang, X., Klyushnenkova, E., and Choi, Y. S. (1995) Stimulation of germinal center B lymphocyte proliferation by an FDC-like cell line, HK. J. Immunol. 155, 1101–1109.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Choe, J., Kim, H. S., Zhang, X., Armitage, R. J., and Choi, Y. S. (1996) Cellular and molecular factors that regulate the differentiation and apoptosis of germinal center B cells: anti-Ig down-regulates Fas expression of CD40 ligand-stimulated germinal center B cells and inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis. J. Immunol. 157, 1006–1016.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Li, L., Zhang, X., Kovacic, S., et al. (2000) Identification of a human follicular dendritic cell molecule that stimulates germinal center B cell growth. J. Exp. Med. 191, 1077–1084.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Zufferey, R., Nagy, D., Mandel, R. J., Naldini, L., and Trono, D. (1997) Multiply attenuated lentiviral vector achieves efficient gene delivery in vivo. Nat. Biotechnol. 15, 871–875.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Naldini, L., Blomer, U., Gallay, P., et al. (1996) In vivo gene delivery and stable transduction of nondividing cells by a lentiviral vector. Science 272, 263–267.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Rubinson, D. A., Dillon, C. P., Kwiatkowski, A. V., et al. (2003) A lentivirus-based system to functionally silence genes in primary mammalian cells, stem cells and transgenic mice by RNA interference. Nat. Genet. 33, 401–406.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Qin, X. F., An, D. S., Chen, I. S., and Baltimore, D. (2003) Inhibiting HIV-1 infection in human T cells by lentiviral-mediated delivery of small interfering RNA against CCR5. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 183–188.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Lin, KI., Calame, K. (2004). Introduction of Genes Into Primary Murine Splenic B Cells Using Retrovirus Vectors. In: Gu, H., Rajewsky, K. (eds) B Cell Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 271. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-796-3:139

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-796-3:139

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-347-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-796-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics