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Lentivirus Gene Engineering Protocols pp 3–15Cite as

From Lentiviruses to Lentivirus Vectors

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Part of the Methods in Molecular Biology™ book series (MIMB,volume 229)

Abstract

Although a member of the lentivirus group, the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) was the first nonplant virus discovered in the first decade of the 20th century (1), lentiviruses were considered as rather mysterious viruses until the isolation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) occurred at the beginning of 1980s. Lentiviruses are enveloped viruses carrying two copies of single-strand positive (i.e., codifying) RNA and are considered the ethiologic agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndromes for a broad range of animal species, such as humans, primates, cats, horses, sheep, and goats. Such syndromes develop in multiorgan diseases and share a long period of incubation (with viral persistence despite a potent immunological response) and a fatal outcome. The name lentiviruses (from Latin, lenti, slow) originated from the uniquely prolonged incubation period (i.e., from months to years) needed for the infecting virus to induce the disease, a feature joining the most popular lentivirus, HIV-1, with a large number of nonprimates lentiviruses. Lentiviruses belong to the Lentiviridae subfamily of the Retroviridae family, which also includes the Oncoviridae, for the most part viruses inducing cell transformation, and the Spumaviridae, viruses establishing persistent as well as nonpathogenic infections (a deeper treatment of this topic can be found in ref. 2).

Keywords

  • Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
  • Feline Immunodeficiency Virus
  • Bovine Leukemia Virus
  • Equine Infectious Anemia Virus
  • Packaging Construct

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

    Maurizio Federico

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  1. Maurizio Federico
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  1. Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanitá, Rome, Italy

    Maurizio Federico

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Federico, M. (2003). From Lentiviruses to Lentivirus Vectors. In: Federico, M. (eds) Lentivirus Gene Engineering Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 229. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-393-3:3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-393-3:3

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