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Interleukin Protocols pp 293–304Cite as

Measurement of Cytokines in Seminal Plasma

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Medicine™ ((MIMM,volume 60))

Abstracts

Cytokines are a family of immunoregulatory peptide growth factors. They are produced mainly by immune cells after immune challenge (infection/inflammation). Various cells of nonimmune cell origin such as epithelial, muscle, endothelial, fibroblast, and mesangial, and also sperm cells are capable of producing cytokines. Cytokines are pleiotropic factors with autocrine and paracrine effects and may therefore play an important role in the testicular microenvironment. The main proinflammatory cytokines are tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6. The first cytokine produced after immunologic challenge is TNF-α, which induces the production of IL-1 followed by IL-6. The amplitude of the immune response is controlled by feedback inhibition of the proinflammatory cytokines and also by downregulator cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, and/or cytokine-soluble receptors and IL-1 receptor antagonist. Ample evidence has accumulated indicating the involvement of cytokines in the physiology and pathophysiology of reproduction (1).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv

    Marek Glezerman

  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Soroka Medical Center of Kupat Holim, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Eitan Lunenfeld

  3. Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheba, Israel

    Eitan Lunenfeld

  4. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka Medical Center of Kupat Holim, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Mahmoud Huleihel

Authors
  1. Marek Glezerman
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  2. Eitan Lunenfeld
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  3. Mahmoud Huleihel
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland

    Luke A. J. O’Neill

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

    Andrew Bowie

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© 2001 Humana Press Inc.

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Glezerman, M., Lunenfeld, E., Huleihel, M. (2001). Measurement of Cytokines in Seminal Plasma. In: O’Neill, L.A.J., Bowie, A. (eds) Interleukin Protocols. Methods in Molecular Medicine™, vol 60. Springer, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-146-9:293

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-146-9:293

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-738-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-146-6

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