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An Overview of Adjuvant Use

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Vaccine Adjuvants

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Medicine™ ((MIMM,volume 42))

Abstract

Adjuvants have been used to augment the immune response to antigens for more than 70 years. Ramon first demonstrated that it was possible to increase levels of diphtheria or tetanus antitoxin by the addition of bread crumbs, agar, tapioca, starch oil, lecithin, or saponin to the vaccines (1). In this chapter, an overview is provided of modern vaccine adjuvants as background for more detailed discussions of promising adjuvants in chapters to follow. After a more general discussion of adjuvants including their definition, mechanisms of action, safety, ideal characteristics, impediments to development, and preclinical and clinical regulatory issues, examples will be provided of experimental vaccine adjuvants that have entered clinical trial to enhance a variety of licensed and experimental vaccines in humans. For additional expositions on this complex subject and for a historical perspective, the reader is referred to recent textbooks on vaccine adjuvants (2–4) and a selection of useful review articles published over the past 18 years (5,10).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Vaccine Development, Department of Medicine (Geographic Medicine), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

    Robert Edelman

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  1. Robert Edelman
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  1. Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA

    Derek T. O’Hagan

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© 2000 Humana Press Inc.

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Edelman, R. (2000). An Overview of Adjuvant Use. In: O’Hagan, D.T. (eds) Vaccine Adjuvants. Methods in Molecular Medicine™, vol 42. Springer, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-083-7:1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-083-7:1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-735-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-083-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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