Abstract
As demonstrated by this volume, analogs of oligonucleotides retaining the molecular recognition properties of natural oligonucleotides, but having altered physical, chemical, and biological properties are synthetic targets of some interest. Much of the interest comes from the possibility that such analogs might allow the sequence-specific control of the expression of encoded genetic information in vivo using what has come to be known as the “antisense” strategy (1–5).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Hirashima, A. and Inouye, M. (1973) Specific biosynthesis of an envelope protein of Escherichia coli. Nature 242,405–407.
Green, P. J., Pines, O., and Inouye M. (1986) The role of antisense RNA in gene regulation. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 55, 569–597.
Inouye, M. (1988) Antisense RNA: Its functions and applications in gene regulation—A review. Gene 72, 25–34.
Paterson, B. M., Roberts, B. E., and Kuff, E. L. (1977) Structural gene identification and mapping by DNA-mRNA hybrid-arrested cell-free translation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74,4370–4374.
Stephenson, M. L. and Zamecnik, P. C. (1978) Inhibition of Rous sarcoma viral RNA translation by a specific oligodeoxyribonucleotide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75, 285–288.
Rich, A. (1962) On the problems of evolution and biochemical information transfer, in Horizons in Biochemistry (Kasha, M. and Pullman, B., eds.), Academic, New York, pp. 103–126.
Letsinger, R. L., Bach, S. A., and Eadie J. S. (1986) Effects of pendant groups at phosphorus on binding properties of δ-ApA analogues. Nucl. Acids Res. 14, 3487–3499.
Ts’o, P. O. P. and Miller, P. S. (1984) Nonionic nucleic acid alkyl and aryl phosphonates and processes for manufacture and use thereof. US Patent number 4,469,863, Sept. 4.
Miller, P. S., Agris, C. H., Aurelian, L., Blake K. R., Murakami A., Reddy M. P., Spitz S. A., and Ts’o P. O. P. (1985) Biochimie 67, 769–776.
Miller, P. S., McParland, K. B., Jayaraman, K., and Ts’o, P. O. P. (1981) Biochemical and biological effects of nonionic nucleic acid methylphosphonates. Biochemistry 20, 1874–1880.
Murakami, A., Blake, K. R., and Miller, P. S. (1985) Characterization of sequence-specific oligodeoxyribonucleoside methylphosphonates and their interaction with rabbit globin mRNA. Biochemistry 24,4041–4046.
Johnsson, K., Allemann, R. K., and Benner, S. A. (1990) Designed enzymes: new peptides that fold in aqueous solution and catalyze reactions, in Molecular Mechanisms in Bioorganic Processes (Bleasdale, C. and Golding, B. T., eds.), Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK, pp. 166–187.
Benner, S. A. and Allemann, R. K. (1989) The return of pancreatic ribonucleases. Trends Biochem. Sci. 14, 396,397.
Gonnet G. H. and Benner S. A. (1991) Computational biochemistry research at ETH, Technical Report 154, Departement Informatik, March 1991.
Moody, H. M., Quaedflieg, P. J. L. M., Koole, L. H., van Genderen, M. H. P., Buck, H. M., Smit, L., Jurrianns, S., Geelen, J. L. M. C., and Goudsmit, J. (1990) Inhibition of HIV-1 infectivity by phosphate-methylated DNA: retraction. Science 250, 125,pp126.
Nambiar, K. P., Stackhouse, J., Stauffer, D. M., Kennedy, W. P., Eldredge, J. K., and Benner, S. A. (1984) Total synthesis and cloning of a gene coding for the ribonuclease S protein. Science 223, 1299–1301.
Schaller, H., Weimann, G., Lerch, B., and Khorana, H. G. (1963) Studies on polynucleotides XXIV. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 3821–3827.
Schneider, K. C. and Benner, S. A. (1990) Building blocks for oligonucleotide analogs with dimethylene-sulfide,-sulfoxide, and-sulfone groups replacing phosphodiester linkages. Tetrahedron Lett. 31, 335–338.
Huang, Z., Schneider, K. C., and Benner, S. A. (1991) Building blocks for analogs of ribo-and deoxyribonucleotides with dimethylene-sulfide,-sulfoxide, and-sulfone groups replacing phosphodiester linkages. J. Org. Chem. 56, 3869–3882.
Blancou, H. and Casadevall, E. (1976) Reaction d’elimination-1,3 action du n-butyl lithium sur les iodomethyl-2 tosyloxy-1 cyclohexanes (enes) cis et trans, stereochimie et mecanisme. Tetrahedron 32, 2907–2913.
Mitsunobu, O. (1981) The use of diethyl azodicarboxylate and triphenylphos-phine in synthesis and transformation of natural products. Synthesis 13, 1–28.
Volante, R. P. (1981) A new highly efficient method for the conversion of alcohols to thiolesters and thiols. Tetrahedron Lett. 22, 3119–3122.
Mazur, A., Tropp, B. E., and Engel R. (1984) Isosteres of natural phosphates. 11. Synthesis of a phosphonic acid analog of an oligonucleotide. Tetrahedron 40, 3949–3956.
Gurjar, M. K., Patil, V. J., and Pawar, S. M. (1987) Sythesis of (1R, rR)-2,6-dioxabicyclo [3.3.0] octan-3-one from D-glucose. Carbohydrate Res. 165, 313–317.
Saito, I., Ikehira, H., Kasatani, R., Watanabe, M., and Matsuura, T. (1986) Selective deoxygenation of secondary alcohols by photosensitized electron-transfer reaction. A general procedure for deoxygenation of ribonucleosides. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 108, 3115–3117.
Boland, W, Niedermeyer, U., and Jaenicke, L. (1985) Enantioselective syntheses and absolute configurations of viridiene and aucantene, two constituents of algae pheromone bouquets. Helv. Chim. Acta 68, 2062–2073.
Gais, H. J. and Lukas, K. L. (1984) Enantioselektive und enantiokonvergente Synthese von Bausteinen zur Totalsynthese cyclopentanoida Naturstoffe. Angew. Chem. 96, 140, 141.
Schneider, M., Engel, N., Honicke, P., Hdnemann, G., and Görisch, H. (1984) Enzymatische Synthesen chiraler Bausteine aus prochiralen) meso-Substraten: Herstellung von Methyl(hydrogen)-1,2-cycloalkandicarboxylaten. Angew. Chem. 96, 55,56.
Wilson, W. K., Baca, S. B., Barber, Y. J., Scallen, T. J., and Morrow, C. J. (1983) Enantioselective hydrolysis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylalkanoic acid esters with pig liver esterase. J. Org. Chem. 48, 3960–3966.
Mohr, P., Waespe-Sarcevic, N., and Tamm, C. (1983) A study of stereoselective hydrolysis of symmetrical diesters with pig liver esterase. Helv. Chim. Acta 66,2501–2511.
Huang, F. C., Lee, L. F. H., Mittal, R. S. D., Ravikumar, P. R., Chan, J. A., Sih, C. J., Caspi, E., and Eck, C. R. (1975) Synthesis and characterization of the fluxional species H2OS3(CO)10L. The crystal structure of H2OS3(CO)11. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 97,4144,4145.
Barton, D. H. R. and McCombie, S. W. (1975) A new method for the deoxy-genation of secondary alcohols. J. C. S. Perkin I 1574–1585.
Cambou, B. and Klibanov, A. M. (1984) Preparative production of optically active esters and alcohols using esterase-catalyzed stereospecific transesteri-fication in organic media. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106, 2687–2692.
Jones, J. B. and Mehes, M. M. (1979) Effects of organic cosolvents on enzyme stereospecificity. The enantiomeric specificity of α-chymotypsin is reduced by high organic solvent concentrations. Can. J. Chem. 57, 2245–2248.
Ellison, R. A., Lukenbach, E. R., and Chiu, C.-W. (1975) Cyclopentenone synthesis via aldol condensation. Synthesis of a key prostaglandin intermediate. Tetrahedron Lett. 16,499–502.
Vorbruggen, H., Bennua, B., and Su, T.S. (1981) Nucleoside von 3,6-dihydro-2H-l,2,6-thiadiazindioxiden. Chem. Ber. 114, 1269–1286.
Watanabe, K. A., Hollenberg, D. H., and Fox, J. J. (1974) Mechanisms of nucleoside synthesis by condensation reactions. J. Carbohydr. Nucleosides Nucleotides 1, 1–37.
Johnson, T. B. and Hilbert, G. E. (1929) The synthesis of pyrimidine—Nucleosides. Science 69, 579,580.
Wittenburg, E. (1986) Synthese von Thymin-nucleosiden ueber Silyl-pyrimidin-Verbindungen3. Chem. Ber. 101, 1095–1114.
Niedballa, U. and Vorbruggen, H. (1976) A general synthesis of N-Glycosides. 6. On the mechanism of the stannic chloride catalyzed Silyl Hilbert-Johnson reaction. J. Org. Chem. 41, 2084–2086.
Hubbard, A. J., Jones, A. S., and Walker R. T. (1984) An investigation by HNM spectroscopy into the factors determining the b:a ratio of the product in 2′-deoxynucleoside synthesis. Nucl. Acids Res. 12, 6827–6837.
Tocik, Z., Earl, R. A., and Beranek, J. (1986) The use of iodotrimethylsilane in nucleosidation procedures, in Nucleic Acid Chemistry (Townsend, L.B. and Tipson, R. S., eds.), Section III, New York, pp 105–111.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Additional information
This contribution is dedicated to Frank H. Westheimer, on the occasion of his 80th birthday.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Huang, Z., Schneider, K.C., Benner, S.A. (1993). Oligonucleotide Analogs with Dimethylenesulfide, -sulfoxide, and -sulfone Groups Replacing Phosphodiester Linkages. In: Agrawal, S. (eds) Protocols for Oligonucleotides and Analogs. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 20. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-281-7:315
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-281-7:315
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-281-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-507-5
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols