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Restriction Enzymes

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Enzymes of Molecular Biology

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 16))

Abstract

Restriction enzymes are endonucleases that recognize specific double-stranded DNA sequences and cleave the DNA in both strands, e.g.:

(1)

They have been identified in many prokaryotic organisms and are considered to be part of a defense system directed against foreign DNA. Site-specific endodeoxyribonucleases are given EC numbers, e.g., EC 3.1.21.4 for a Type II enzyme (see below).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    a

    The column on the left defines the length of the recognition sequence and the phosphodiester bond cleaved and gives the first and last nucleotides for hexanucleotide sequences. The row on top gives the central tetranucleotide of all recognition sequences. Listed in the table are commercially available restriction enzymes. For sequences that are recognized by different isoschizomers (see Table 5) a + marks the name of the enzyme sold by most manufacturers. In addition, in each box enzymes that recognize degenerate sequences are listed. The table allows one to identify a restriction enzyme for any given palindromic tetra- or hexanucleotide recognition sequence and to select restriction enzymes that produce a desired 5′ or 3′ projecting single-strand region after cleavage. For example, if one needs DNA to be cleaved within the sequence AGATCT between A and G, one should look for A/----T in the column on the left and for GATC on the row on top. This defines BglII as the restriciton enzyme needed. An inspection of the column designated by GATC shows that BglII produces a 5′ projecting single-stranded region after cleavage of the DNA, which is compatible with products of an MboI, BamHI, or BclI as well as some of the products of an XhoII cleavage, because XhoII has a degenerate recognition sequence.

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  1. Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Zentrum Biochemie, Abteilung Biophysikalische Chemie, Hannover, Germany

    Alfred Pingoud, Jürgen Alves & Robert Geiger

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  1. Alfred Pingoud
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    Michael M. Burrell

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Pingoud, A., Alves, J., Geiger, R. (1993). Restriction Enzymes. In: Burrell, M.M. (eds) Enzymes of Molecular Biology. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 16. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-234-5:107

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