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Glycoprotein Analysis in Biomedicine pp 175–187Cite as

Glycosyltransferases as Tools in Cell Biological Studies

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 14))

Abstract

Complex carbohydrates consist of an amazingly diverse array of highly branched structures (1,2). This branching structure precludes the use of a linear template for assembly, as in the case of protein and nucleic acid biosynthesis. In contrast, the biosynthesis of these molecules is dependent on a series of highly specific enzymes, glycosyltransferases, which elongate growing saccharide chains sequentially (1,2). The product of each reaction becomes the substrate for the next. Thus, these enzymes must specifically recognize the structure of the acceptor carbohydrate and add a monosaccharide in a particular linkage at a precise location. In most cases, one enzyme exists for each glycosidic bond that is formed (3). The high level of specificity displayed by glycosyltransferases allows them to synthesize complex structures with a high degree of fidelity. Regulating this fidelity appears to be crucial for the biological functions of complex carbohydrates in vivo (4).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

    Robert S. Haltiwanger & Gerald W. Hart

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  1. Robert S. Haltiwanger
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  2. Gerald W. Hart
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Research Council, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, UK

    Elizabeth F. Hounsell

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© 1993 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Haltiwanger, R.S., Hart, G.W. (1993). Glycosyltransferases as Tools in Cell Biological Studies. In: Hounsell, E.F. (eds) Glycoprotein Analysis in Biomedicine. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 14. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-226-4:175

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-226-4:175

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-226-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-501-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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