Abstract
Mast cells often are found in a perivascular location but especially in mucosae, where they may response to various stimuli. They typically associate with immediate hypersensitive responses and are likely to play a critical role in host defense. In this chapter, a common airway pathogen, Moraxella catarrhalis, and a commensal bacterium, Neiserria cinerea, are used to illustrate activation of human mast cells. A human mast cell line (HMC-1) derived from a patient with mast cell leukemia was activated with varying concentrations of heat-killed bacteria. Active aggregation of bacteria over mast cell surfaces was detected by scanning electron microscopy. The activation of mast cells was analyzed by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and cytokine production in culture supernatants. Both M. catarrhalis and N. cinerea induce mast cell activation and the secretion of two key inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 and MCP-1. This is accompanied by NF-κB activation. Direct bacterial contact with mast cells appears to be essential for this activation because neither cell-free bacterial supernatants nor bacterial lipopolysaccharide induce cytokine secretion.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by USPHS grants AI-43310 and HL-63070, State of Tennessee Grant 20233, RDC grant (ETSU), and Ruth R. Harris Endowment (ETSU).
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Chi, D.S., Walker, E.S., Hossler, F.E., Krishnaswamy, G. (2006). Bacterial Activation of Mast Cells. In: Krishnaswamy, G., Chi, D.S. (eds) Mast Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 315. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-967-2:383
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-967-2:383
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