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Modification of Carbon Nanotube Electrodes with 1-Pyrenebutanoic Acid, Succinimidyl Ester for Enhanced Bioelectrocatalysis

Protocol
First Online:
Part of the Methods in Molecular Biology book series (MIMB, volume 1051)

Abstract

Conductive materials functionalized with redox enzymes provide bioelectronic architectures with application to biological fuel cells and biosensors. Effective electron transfer between the enzyme (biocatalyst) and the conductive materials is imperative for function. Various nanostructured carbon materials are common electrode choices for these applications as both the materials’ inherent conductivity and physical integrity aids optimal performance. The following chapter presents a method for the use of carbon nanotube buckypaper as a conductive architecture suitable for biocatalyst functionalization. In order to securely attach the biocatalyst to the carbon nanotube surface, the conductive buckypaper is modified with the heterobifunctional cross-linker, 1-pyrenebutanoic acid, succinimidyl ester. The technique effectively tethers the enzyme to the carbon nanotube which enhances bioelectrocatalysis, preserves the conductive nature of the carbon surface, and facilities direct electron transfer between the catalyst and material interface. The approach is demonstrated using phenol oxidase (laccase) and pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase PQQ-GDH, as representative biocatalysts.

Key words

Direct electron transfer (DET) 1-Pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester (PBSE) Buckypaper (BP) Carbon nanotube (CNT) Laccase Pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) Biological fuel cell Glucose Cathode Anode Cyclic voltammetry Polarization curve Contact angle Enzyme Bioelectrochemistry Multi-copper oxidase Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) 
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media, New York 2013

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Oak Ridge Institute for Science and EducationOak RidgeUSA
  2. 2.Airbase Sciences Branch, Air Force Research LaboratoryTyndall Air Force BasePanama cityUSA
  3. 3.Universal Technology CorporationDaytonUSA
  4. 4.Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Center for Emerging Energy TechnologiesUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueUSA
  5. 5.Air Force Research Laboratory, Airbase SciencesTyndall AFBUSA
  6. 6.Integration Innovation Inc (i3)HuntsvilleUSA

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