Abstract
The translocation of effector proteins by the Dot/Icm type IV secretion system is central to the ability of Legionella pneumophila to persist and replicate within eukaryotic cells. The subcellular localization of translocated Dot/Icm proteins in host cells provides insight into their function. Through co-staining with host cell markers, effector proteins may be localized to specific subcellular compartments and membranes, which frequently reflects their host cell target and mechanism of action. In this chapter, we describe protocols to (1) localize effector proteins within cells by ectopic expression using green fluorescent protein fusions and (2) localize effector proteins within infected cells using epitope-tagged effector proteins and immuno-fluorescence microscopy.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- AYE:
-
ACES Yeast Extract
- BCYE:
-
Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract
- BSA:
-
Bovine Serum Albumin
- DAPI:
-
4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DMEM:
-
Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium
- EGFP:
-
Enhanced green fluorescent protein
- HA:
-
Hemagglutinin
- IPTG:
-
Isopropyl-β-d-thio-galactoside
- LB:
-
Luria–Bertani
- PBS:
-
Phosphate-buffered saline
- PCR:
-
Polymerase chain reaction
References
Cambronne ED, Roy CR (2006) Recognition and delivery of effector proteins into eukaryotic cells by bacterial secretion systems. Traffic 7:929–939
Juhas M, Crook DW, Hood DW (2008) Type IV secretion systems: tools of bacterial horizontal gene transfer and virulence. Cell Microbiol 10:2377–2386
Nagai H, Kubori T (2011) Type IVB secretion systems of Legionella and other gram-negative bacteria. Front Microbiol 2:136
Luo ZQ (2012) Legionella secreted effectors and innate immune responses. Cell Microbiol 14:19–27
Newton HJ, Ang DK, van Driel IR, Hartland EL (2010) Molecular pathogenesis of infections caused by Legionella pneumophila. Clin Microbiol Rev 23:274–298
Hubber A, Roy CR (2010) Modulation of host cell function by Legionella pneumophila type IV effectors. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 26:261–283
Weber SS, Ragaz C, Hilbi H (2009) Pathogen trafficking pathways and host phosphoinositide metabolism. Mol Microbiol 71:1341–1352
Kagan JC, Murata T, Roy CR (2005) Analysis of Rab1 recruitment to vacuoles containing Legionella pneumophila. Methods Enzymol 403:71–81
Kagan JC, Roy CR (2002) Legionella phagosomes intercept vesicular traffic from endoplasmic reticulum exit sites. Nat Cell Biol 4:945–954
Kagan JC, Stein MP, Pypaert M, Roy CR (2004) Legionella subvert the functions of Rab1 and Sec22b to create a replicative organelle. J Exp Med 199:1201–1211
Berger KH, Isberg RR (1993) Two distinct defects in intracellular growth complemented by a single genetic locus in Legionella pneumophila. Mol Microbiol 7:7–19
Segal G, Purcell M, Shuman HA (1998) Host cell killing and bacterial conjugation require overlapping sets of genes within a 22-kb region of the Legionella pneumophila genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:1669–1674
Zhu W, Banga S, Tan Y, Zheng C, Stephenson R, Gately J, Luo ZQ (2011) Comprehensive identification of protein substrates of the Dot/Icm type IV transporter of Legionella pneumophila. PLoS One 6:e17638
Schroeder GN, Petty NK, Mousnier A, Harding CR, Vogrin AJ, Wee B, Fry NK, Harrison TG, Newton HJ, Thomson NR, Beatson SA, Dougan G, Hartland EL, Frankel G (2010) Legionella pneumophila strain 130b possesses a unique combination of type IV secretion systems and novel Dot/Icm secretion system effector proteins. J Bacteriol 192:6001–6016
Dolezal P, Aili M, Tong J, Jiang J-H, Marobbio CM, Lee SF, Schuelein R, Belluzzo S, Binova E, Mousnier A, Frankel G, Giannuzzi G, Palmieri F, Gabriel K, Naderer T, Hartland EL, Lithgow T (2012) Legionella pneumophila secretes a mitochondrial carrier protein during infection. PLoS Pathog 8(1):e1002459
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and the Australian Research Council (ARC). ELH is an ARC Future Fellow. AV is supported by a University of Melbourne MDHS Faculty Research (Trust) Scholarship. Aurelie Mousnier is supported by the Wellcome Trust.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Vogrin, A.J., Mousnier, A., Frankel, G., Hartland, E.L. (2013). Subcellular Localization of Legionella Dot/Icm Effectors. In: Buchrieser, C., Hilbi, H. (eds) Legionella. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 954. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-161-5_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-161-5_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-160-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-161-5
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols