Abstract
Drug testing for sports doping control programs is extensive and includes numerous classes of banned compounds including anabolic androgenic steroids, β2-agonists, hormone antagonists and modulators, diuretics, various peptide hormones, and growth factors. During competition, additional compounds may also be prohibited such as stimulants, narcotics, cannabinoids, glucocorticosteroids, and beta-blockers depending both on the sport and level of competition. Each of these classes of compounds can contain many prohibited substances that must be identified during the testing procedure. Various methods that have been designed to detect a large number of compounds in different drug classes are highly desirable as initial screening tools. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is widely used by anti-doping testing laboratories for this purpose and several rapid methods have been described to simultaneously detect different classes of compounds. Here, we describe a simple urine sample cleanup procedure that can be used to detect numerous anabolic androgenic steroids, β2-agonists, hormone antagonists and modulators, glucocorticosteroids, and beta-blockers by LC-MS/MS.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
The World Anti Doping Code. The 2010 prohibited list. http://www.wada-ama.org/Documents/World_Anti-Doping_Program/WADP-Prohibited-list/2012/WADA_Prohibited_List_2012_EN.pdf. Accessed 10 May 2012
Accredited Laboratories for Doping Control Analysis. http://www.wada-ama.org/Documents/Science_Medicine/Anti-Doping_Laboratories/WADA_Accredited_Laboratories_EN.pdf. Accessed 10 May 2012
Catlin DH, Sekera MH, Ahrens BD et al (2004) Tetrahydrogestrinone: discovery, synthesis, and detection in urine. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 18:1245–1249
Leinonen A, Kuuranne T, Kotiaho T et al (2004) Screening of free 17-alkyl-substituted anabolic steroids in human urine by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Steroids 69:101–109
Borges CR, Miller N, Shelby M et al (2007) Analysis of a challenging subset of world anti-doping agency-banned steroids and antiestrogens by LC-MS-MS. J Anal Toxicol 31:125–131
Deventer K, Van Eenoo P, Delbeke FT (2005) Simultaneous determination of beta-blocking agents and diuretics in doping analysis by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with scan-to-scan polarity switching. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 19:90–98
Mazzarion M, Botrè F (2006) A fast liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric screening method for the simultaneous detection of synthetic glucocorticoids, some stimulants, anti-oestrogen drugs and synthetic anabolic steroids. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 20:3465–3476
Murray GJ, Danaceau JP (2009) Simultaneous extraction and screening of diuretics, beta-blockers, selected stimulants and steroids in human urine by HPLC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B 877:3857–3864
Schänzer W, Opfermann G, Donike M (1990) Metabolism of stanozolol: identification and synthesis of urinary metabolites. J Steroid Biochem 36:153–174
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Ahrens, B.D., Starcevic, B., Butch, A.W. (2012). Detection of Prohibited Substances by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Sports Doping Control. In: Langman, L., Snozek, C. (eds) LC-MS in Drug Analysis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 902. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-934-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-934-1_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-933-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-934-1
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols