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Phospholipases: An Overview

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Lipases and Phospholipases

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 861))

Abstract

Phospholipids are present in all living organisms. They are a major component of all biological membranes, along with glycolipids and cholesterol. Enzymes aimed at cleaving the various bonds in phospholipids, namely phospholipases, are consequently widespread in nature, playing very diverse roles from aggression in snake venom to signal transduction, lipid mediators production, and digestion in humans. Although all phospholipases target phospholipids as substrates, they vary in the site of action on the phospholipids molecules, physiological function, mode of action, and their regulation. Significant studies on phospholipases characterization, physiological role, and industrial potential have been conducted worldwide. Some of them have been directed for biotechnological advances, such as gene discovery and functional enhancement by protein engineering. Others reported phospholipases as virulence factors and major causes of pathophysiological effects. In this introductory chapter, we provide brief details of different phospholipases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Ahmed Aloulou & Sofiane Bezzine

  2. Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Yassine Ben Ali

  3. Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Sofiane Bezzine & Youssef Gargouri

  4. Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Michael H. Gelb

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  1. Ahmed Aloulou
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  2. Yassine Ben Ali
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  3. Sofiane Bezzine
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  4. Youssef Gargouri
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  5. Michael H. Gelb
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Correspondence to Ahmed Aloulou .

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  1. CIATEJ-CONACYT, Industrial Biotechnology Unit, Avda. Normalistas 800, Guadalajara, 44270, Jalisco, Mexico

    Georgina Sandoval

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Aloulou, A., Ali, Y.B., Bezzine, S., Gargouri, Y., Gelb, M.H. (2012). Phospholipases: An Overview. In: Sandoval, G. (eds) Lipases and Phospholipases. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 861. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-600-5_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-600-5_4

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