Abstract
MIF has been described to be associated with autophagy in a number of studies, but the full nature of their association is not yet clear. However, the unprecedented interest in autophagy in recent times has generated a number of tools and techniques for its study. Here, we present protocols for studying the interactions between MIF and autophagy, including for the induction and inhibition of autophagy and measuring autophagosome biogenesis and maturation.
Key words
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Yin Z, Pascual C, Klionsky DJ (2016) Autophagy: machinery and regulation. Microb Cell 3(12):588–596
Kaushik S, Cuervo AM (2012) Chaperone-mediated autophagy: a unique way to enter the lysosome world. Trends Cell Biol 22(8):407–417
Li WW, Li J, Bao JK (2012) Microautophagy: lesser-known self-eating. Cell Mol Life Sci 69(7):1125–1136
Deretic V, Levine B (2018) Autophagy balances inflammation in innate immunity. Autophagy 14(2):243–251
Klionsky DJ et al (2016) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition). Autophagy 12(1):1–222
Harris J (2011) Autophagy and cytokines. Cytokine 56(2):140–144
Peral de Castro C et al (2012) Autophagy regulates IL-23 secretion and innate T cell responses through effects on IL-1 secretion. J Immunol 189(8):4144–4153
Chao CH et al (2018) Macrophage migration inhibitory factor-induced autophagy contributes to thrombin-triggered endothelial hyperpermeability in sepsis. Shock 50(1):103–111
Chuang YC et al (2012) Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy via reactive oxygen species generation. PLoS One 7(5):e37613
Xia W, Hou M (2016) Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation-induced apoptosis via the AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 13(3):2619–2626
Xu S et al (2016) Macrophage migration inhibitory factor enhances autophagy by regulating ROCK1 activity and contributes to the escape of dendritic cell surveillance in glioblastoma. Int J Oncol 49(5):2105–2115
Xu X, Bucala R, Ren J (2013) Macrophage migration inhibitory factor deficiency augments doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. J Am Heart Assoc 2(6):e000439
Wu MY et al (2012) Steroid receptor coactivator 3 regulates autophagy in breast cancer cells through macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Cell Res 22(6):1003–1021
Liu Y et al (2014) A novel androstenedione derivative induces ROS-mediated autophagy and attenuates drug resistance in osteosarcoma by inhibiting macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Cell Death Dis 5:e1361
Xu X, Ren J (2015) Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) knockout preserves cardiac homeostasis through alleviating Akt-mediated myocardial autophagy suppression in high-fat diet-induced obesity. Int J Obes 39(3):387–396
Lee JP et al (2016) Loss of autophagy enhances MIF/macrophage migration inhibitory factor release by macrophages. Autophagy 12(6):907–916
Ichimura Y et al (2000) A ubiquitin-like system mediates protein lipidation. Nature 408(6811):488–492
Harris J, Hanrahan O, De Haro SA (2009) Measuring autophagy in macrophages. Curr Protoc Immunol Chapter 14: p. Unit 14 14
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T (2007) How to interpret LC3 immunoblotting. Autophagy 3(6):542–545
Shi CS, Kehrl JH (2010) TRAF6 and A20 regulate lysine 63-linked ubiquitination of Beclin-1 to control TLR4-induced autophagy. Sci Signal 3(123):ra42
Wang J et al (2013) Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced autophagy is involved in the restriction of Escherichia coli in peritoneal mesothelial cells. BMC Microbiol 13:255
Harris J et al (2007) T helper 2 cytokines inhibit autophagic control of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Immunity 27(3):505–517
Harris J et al (2011) Autophagy controls IL-1beta secretion by targeting pro-IL-1beta for degradation. J Biol Chem 286(11):9587–9597
Alloatti, A et al. (2015). Toll-like Receptor 4 engagement on dendritic cells restrains phago-Lysosome fusion and promotes cross-Presentation of antigens. Immunity 43(6):1087–1100
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Jurie Tashkandi for assistance with the experiment shown in Fig. 1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Deen, N.S., Lee, J.P., Harris, J. (2020). Inducing and Inhibiting Autophagy to Investigate Its Interactions with MIF. In: Harris, J., Morand, E. (eds) Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2080. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9936-1_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9936-1_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9935-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9936-1
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols