Abstract
Atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs) such as olanzapine (OLZ) are associated with serious metabolic adverse effects such as weight gain, visceral fat accretion, glucose intolerance, and lipid abnormalities. Compelling evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is known to regulate metabolic homeostasis and therefore microbiota-modulating strategies such as probiotics may serve as an excellent approach for treating metabolic adverse effects associated with atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs). The therapeutic potential of VSL#3 (20 × 109 CFU/day), in reversing olanzapine-induced metabolic dysfunction, was assessed. VSL#3 administration led to attenuation of OLZ-induced body weight gain, uterine fat deposition, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. Moreover olanzapine treatment also decreased inflammatory markers, abolished oxidative stress in the vWAT, and prevented shifts in gut microbiota abundance levels. These results indicate that VSL#3 via its ability to manipulate the gut microbiome confers beneficial metabolic effects and may, therefore, represent a novel therapeutic approach for reversing antipsychotic-induced metabolic dysfunction.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Raskind MA, Burke BL, Crites NJ, Tapp AM, Rasmussen DD (2007) Olanzapine-induced weight gain and increased visceral adiposity is blocked by melatonin replacement therapy in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:284–288
Nasrallah H (2008) Atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: insights from receptor-binding profiles. Mol Psychiatry 13:27–35
Teff KL, Rickels MR, Grudziak J, Fuller C, Nguyen H-L, Rickels K (2013) Antipsychotic-induced insulin resistance and postprandial hormonal dysregulation independent of weight gain or psychiatric disease. Diabetes 62:3232–3240
Davey K, Cotter P, O’sullivan O, Crispie F, Dinan T, Cryan J, O’mahony S (2013) Antipsychotics and the gut microbiome: olanzapine-induced metabolic dysfunction is attenuated by antibiotic administration in the rat. Transl Psychiatry 3:e309
Deol P, Evans JR, Dhahbi J, Chellappa K, Han DS, Spindler S, Sladek FM (2015) Soybean oil is more obesogenic and diabetogenic than coconut oil and fructose in mouse: potential role for the liver. PLoS One 10:e0132672
Wills E (1966) Mechanisms of lipid peroxide formation in animal tissues. Biochem J 99:667
Dkhar P, Sharma R (2013) Attenuation of age-related increase of protein carbonylation in the liver of mice by melatonin and curcumin. Mol Cell Biochem 380:153–160
Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR (1982) Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15N] nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 126:131–138
Ellman GL (1959) Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys 82:70–77
Kono Y (1978) Generation of superoxide radical during autoxidation of hydroxylamine and an assay for superoxide dismutase. Arch Biochem Biophys 186:189–195
Lück H (1965) Catalase. In: Methods of enzymatic analysis. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 885–894
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265–275
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge Prof Kanwaljit Chopra, Dr Mahendra Bishnoi, and Dr Kanti Kiran Kondepudi for their guidance and support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Dhaliwal, N., Dhaliwal, J., Singh, D.P., Kondepudi, K.K., Bishnoi, M., Chopra, K. (2019). The Probiotic Mixture VSL#3 Reverses Olanzapine-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction in Mice. In: Kobeissy, F. (eds) Psychiatric Disorders. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2011. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9554-7_31
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9554-7_31
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9553-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9554-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols