Abstract
The culture of the olfactory epithelium has been a useful model for the study of neurogenesis since olfactory neurons regenerate continuously throughout the adult lifespan. Structurally and functionally mature olfactory neurons are generated in vitro from non-neuronal precursors in a process that resembles the in vivo counterparts. This chapter describes a technique for culture of olfactory neurons from the avian olfactory epithelium of embryonic chickens; this enables the controlled laboratory study of a critical sensory system that is unstudied in this major vertebrate class. The techniques described here are broadly applicable to other endothermic vertebrate species.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Graziadei PPC, Monti Graziadei GA (1978) Continuous nerve cell renewal in the olfactory system. In: Development of sensory systems. Springer, New York, pp 55–83
Schwob JE (2002) Neural regeneration and the peripheral olfactory system. Anat Rec 269:33–49
Graziadei PPC, Monti Graziadei GA (1980) Neurogenesis and neuron regeneration in the olfactory system of mammals III. Deafferentation and reinnervation of the olfactory bulb following section of the fila olfactoria in rat. J Neurocytol 9:145–162
Gonzales F, Farbman AI, Gesteland RC (1985) Cell and explant culture of olfactory chemoreceptor cells. J Neurosci Method 14:77–90
Lovell MA, Jafek BW, Moran DT, Rowley JC (1982) Biopsy of human olfactory mucosa: an instrument and a technique. Arch Otolaryngol 108:247–249
Féron F, Perry C, McGrath JJ, Mackay-Sim A (1998) New techniques for biopsy and culture of human olfactory epithelial neurons. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 124:861–866
Fluck E, Hogg S, Mabbutt PS, File SE (1996) Behavioural and neurochemical responses of male and female chicks to cat odour. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 54:85–91
Roper TJ, Jones RB (1997) Olfaction in the domestic fowl: a critical review. Physiol Behav 62:1009–1018
Nevitt G (1999) Foraging by seabirds on an olfactory landscape. Am Sci 87:46–53
Roper TJ (1999) Olfaction in birds. In: Slater PJB, Rosenblat JS, Snowden CT, Roper TJ (eds) Advances in the study of behavior, vol 28. Academic, Boston, pp 247–332
Cunningham GB, Van Buskirk RW, Bonadonna F, Weimerskirch H, Nevitt GA (2003) A comparison of the olfactory abilities of three species of procellariiform chicks. J Exp Biol 206:1615–1620
Hagelin J, Jones IL, Rasmussen LEL (2003) A tangerine-scented social odour in a monogamous seabird. Proc Biol Sci 270:1323–1329
Gomez G Celii A (2008) The peripheral olfactory system of the domestic chicken: physiology and development. Brain Res Bull 76:208–216
Ostrom JH (1973) The ancestry of birds. Nature 242:136–138
Gomez G (2007) Olfaction in birds: an untapped resource for the study of olfactory systems. Chemosense 9:1–5
Lalloue FL, Ayer-Le Lievre CS, Sicard G (2003) Analysis of the functional maturation of olfactory neurons in chicks before and after birth. Chem Senses 28:729–737
O’Neill G, Musto C, Gomez G (2017) Chronic odorant exposure upregulates acquisition of functional properties in cultured embryonic chick olfactory sensory neurons. J Neurosci Res 95:1216–1224
Ronnett GV, Hester LD, Snyder SH (1991) Primary culture of neonatal rat olfactory neurons. J Neurosci 11:1243–1255
Liu N, Shields CB, Roisen FJ (1998) Primary culture of adult mouse olfactory receptor neurons. Exp Neurol 151:173–183
Gomez G, Rawson NE, Hahn C-G, Micahels R, Restrepo D (2000) Characteristics of odorant elicited calcium changes in cultured human olfactory neurons. J Neurosci Res 62:737–749
Westerskov K (1950) Methods for determining the age of game bird eggs. J Wildlife Manag 14:56–67
Kang H, Yan M, Yu Q, Yang Q (2013) Characteristics of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) and nasal absorption capacity in chicken. PLoS One 8:e84097
Pixley SK (1992) CNS glial cells support in vitro survival, division, and differentiation of dissociated olfactory neuronal progenitor cells. Neuron 8:1191–1204
Ensoli F, Fiorelli V, Vannelli GB, Barni T, De Cristofaro M, Ensoli B, Thiele CJ (1998) Basic fibroblast growth factor supports human olfactory neurogenesis by autocrine/paracrine mechanisms. Neuroscience 86:881–893
Cunningham AM, Manis PB, Reed RR, Ronnett GV (1999) Olfactory receptor neurons exist as distinct subclasses of immature and mature cells in primary culture. Neuroscience 93:1301–1312
Calof AL, Chikaraishi DM (1989) Analysis of neurogenesis in a mammalian neuroepithelium: proliferation and differentiation of an olfactory neuron precursor in vitro. Neuron 3:115–127
Yazinski SA, Gomez G (2014) Timecourse of structural and functional maturation of human olfactory epithelial cells in vitro. J Neurosci Res 92:64–73
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Gomez, G. (2018). Primary Cultures of Olfactory Neurons from the Avian Olfactory Epithelium. In: Baratta, M. (eds) Epithelial Cell Culture. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1817. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8600-2_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8600-2_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-8599-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-8600-2
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols