Abstract
Detailed biological knowledge about the potential importance of the methylome is typically lacking for common diseases. Therefore, methylome-wide association studies (MWAS) are critical to detect disease relevant methylation sites. Methyl-CpG-binding domain sequencing (MBD-seq) offers potential advantages compared to antibody-based enrichment, but performance depends critically on using an optimal protocol. Using an optimized protocol, MBD-seq can approximate the sensitivity/specificity obtained with whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, but at a fraction of the costs and time to complete the project. Thus, MBD-seq offers a comprehensive first pass at the CpG methylome and is economically feasible with the samples sizes required for MWAS.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Altshuler D, Daly MJ, Lander ES (2008) Genetic mapping in human disease. Science 322:881–888
Rakyan VK, Down TA, Balding DJ et al (2011) Epigenome-wide association studies for common human diseases. Nat Rev Genet 12:529–541
Laird PW (2010) Principles and challenges of genomewide DNA methylation analysis. Nat Rev Genet 11:191–203
Beck S, Rakyan VK (2008) The methylome: approaches for global DNA methylation profiling. Trends Genet 24:231–237
Li Y, Zhu J, Tian G et al (2010) The DNA methylome of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PLoS Biol 8:e533
Mohn F, Weber M, Schubeler D et al (2009) Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP). Methods Mol Biol 507:55–64
Serre D, Lee BH, Ting AH (2010) MBD-isolated genome sequencing provides a high-throughput and comprehensive survey of DNA methylation in the human genome. Nucleic Acids Res 38:391–399
Brinkman AB, Simmer F, Ma K et al (2010) Whole-genome DNA methylation profiling using MethylCap-seq. Methods 52:232–236
Li N, Ye M, Li Y et al (2010) Whole genome DNA methylation analysis based on high throughput sequencing technology. Methods 52:203–212
Harris RA, Wang T, Coarfa C et al (2010) Comparison of sequencing-based methods to profile DNA methylation and identification of monoallelic epigenetic modifications. Nat Biotechnol 28:1097–1105
Lister R, Mukamel EA, Nery JR et al (2013) Global epigenomic reconfiguration during mammalian brain development. Science 341:1237905
Bernstein BE, Meissner A, Lander ES (2007) The mammalian epigenome. Cell 128:669–681
Bird AP (1986) CpG-rich islands and the function of DNA methylation. Nature 321:209–213
Lister R, Pelizzola M, Dowen RH et al (2009) Human DNA methylomes at base resolution show widespread epigenomic differences. Nature 462:315–322
Hogart A, Lichtenberg J, Ajay SS et al (2012) Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells reveal over-representation of ETS transcription factor binding sites. Genome Res 22:1407–1418
Lan X, Adams C, Landers M et al (2011) High resolution detection and analysis of CpG dinucleotides methylation using MBD-Seq technology. PLoS One 6:e22226
Nair SS, Coolen MW, Stirzaker C et al (2011) Comparison of methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) and methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) protein capture for genome-wide DNA methylation analysis reveal CpG sequence coverage bias. Epigenetics 6:34–44
McClay JL, Aberg KA, Clark SL et al (2014) A methylome-wide study of aging using massively parallel sequencing of the methyl-CpG-enriched genomic fraction from blood in over 700 subjects. Hum Mol Genet 23:1175–1185
Aberg KA, McClay JL, Nerella S et al (2014) Methylome-wide association study of schizophrenia: identifying blood biomarker signatures of environmental insults. JAMA Psychiat 71:255–264
Aberg KA, Xie L, Chan RF et al (2015) Evaluation of methyl-binding domain based enrichment approaches revisited. PLoS One 10:e132205
Langmead B, Salzberg SL (2012) Fast gapped-read alignment with bowtie 2. Nat Methods 9:357–359
Li H, Durbin R (2009) Fast and accurate short read alignment with burrows-wheeler transform. Bioinformatics 25:1754–1760
Lienhard M, Grimm C, Morkel M et al (2014) MEDIPS: genome-wide differential coverage analysis of sequencing data derived from DNA enrichment experiments. Bioinformatics 30:284–286
Bock C (2012) Analysing and interpreting DNA methylation data. Nat Rev Genet 13:705–719
Aberg KA, McClay JL, Nerella S et al (2012) MBD-seq as a cost-effective approach for methylome-wide association studies: demonstration in 1500 case-control samples. Epigenomics 4:605–621
van den Oord EJ, Bukszar J, Rudolf G et al (2013) Estimation of CpG coverage in whole methylome next-generation sequencing studies. BMC Bioinformatics 14:50
Chen W, Gao G, Nerella S et al (2013) methylPCA: a toolkit for principal component analysis in methylome-wide association studies. BMC Bioinformatics 14:74
Li H, Homer N (2010) A survey of sequence alignment algorithms for next-generation sequencing. Brief Bioinform 11:473–483
van den Oord EJ, Clark SL, Xie LY et al (2016) A whole methylome CpG-SNP association study of psychosis in blood and brain tissue. Schizophr Bull 42:1018–1026
Ushida H, Kawakami T, Minami K et al (2012) Methylation profile of DNA repetitive elements in human testicular germ cell tumor. Mol Carcinog 51:711–722
Bollati V, Galimberti D, Pergoli L et al (2011) DNA methylation in repetitive elements and Alzheimer disease. Brain Behav Immun 25:1078–1083
Bollati V, Fabris S, Pegoraro V et al (2009) Differential repetitive DNA methylation in multiple myeloma molecular subgroups. Carcinogenesis 30:1330–1335
Houseman EA, Accomando WP, Koestler DC et al (2012) DNA methylation arrays as surrogate measures of cell mixture distribution. BMC Bioinformatics 13:86
Koestler DC, Christensen B, Karagas MR et al (2013) Blood-based profiles of DNA methylation predict the underlying distribution of cell types: a validation analysis. Epigenetics 8:816–826
Durinck S, Spellman PT, Birney E et al (2009) Mapping identifiers for the integration of genomic datasets with the R/Bioconductor package biomaRt. Nat Protoc 4:1184–1191
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Aberg, K.A., Chan, R.F., Xie, L., Shabalin, A.A., van den Oord, E.J.C.G. (2018). Methyl-CpG-Binding Domain Sequencing: MBD-seq. In: Tost, J. (eds) DNA Methylation Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1708. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7481-8_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7481-8_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7479-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7481-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols