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Optogenetics: Lighting a Path from the Laboratory to the Clinic

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Optogenetics: A Roadmap

Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 133))

Abstract

The advent of optogenetics has brought about an unprecedented ability to control neuronal activity with great spatial and temporal precision. Questions about neuronal circuitry that had previously been impossible or extremely difficult to test suddenly have become viable experimental questions. Although optogenetics was originally pioneered for use in neurons, it is now clear that systems as diverse as atrial cardiomyocytes, pancreatic islet cells, and tumor cells can be manipulated with this technique. A great many of the studies that employ optogenetics propose that this new technology can be used as therapy for a variety of pathologies. For example, optogenetic strategies in animal models have restored sight to blind rodents, stopped seizures in epileptic animals, and abolished behavioral manifestations of addiction in cocaine-treated mice. It is no surprise, then, that one of the most oft-asked questions is if and when optogenetics can be used as a treatment in the clinic. Will optogenetic technology ever be safe enough to use in human therapies? In this closing chapter, we will briefly review the current state of optogenetic technology in relation to translational efforts, discuss the ethical issues surrounding the use of optogenetics in human patients, and finally examine several lines of experimental evidence that illustrate the potential clinical uses of optogenetics.

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Acknowledgments

Supported by the US National Institutes of Health grants NS94668 to I.S. and R25NS065741-04S1 to A.A.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd., MSLS P314, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Hannah K. Kim, Allyson L. Alexander & Ivan Soltesz

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13123 E 16th Ave Box B330, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA

    Allyson L. Alexander

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  1. Hannah K. Kim
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  2. Allyson L. Alexander
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  3. Ivan Soltesz
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Correspondence to Ivan Soltesz .

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  1. Focus Program Translational Neurosciences and Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany

    Albrecht Stroh

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Kim, H.K., Alexander, A.L., Soltesz, I. (2018). Optogenetics: Lighting a Path from the Laboratory to the Clinic. In: Stroh, A. (eds) Optogenetics: A Roadmap. Neuromethods, vol 133. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7417-7_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7417-7_14

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