Abstract
Bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have shown a great promise to promote ischemic tissue neovascularization and to attenuate ischemic injury in a variety of animal models, which led to EPC-based clinical trials that yielded modest but promising results. Some of the variables in the use of EPCs relate to their differential isolation and characterization protocols since the EPC literature does not identify a unique marker for these vascular progenitors. In this chapter, we present step-by-step protocols for the isolation of EPCs, their characterization and culture conditions, and their potential use in basic and clinical research.
The original version of this chapter was revised. The erratum to this chapter is available at: DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-6756-8_26
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Asahara T, Murohara T, Sullivan A, Silver M, van der Zee R, Li T, Witzenbichler B, Schatteman G, Isner JM (1997) Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis. Science 275:964–967
Asahara T, Masuda H, Takahashi T, Kalka C, Pastore C, Silver M, Kearne M, Magner M, Isner JM (1999) Bone marrow origin of endothelial progenitor cells responsible for postnatal vasculogenesis in physiological and pathological neovascularization. Circ Res 85:221–228
Shi Q, Rafii S, Wu MH, Wijelath ES, Yu C, Ishida A, Fujita Y, Kothari S, Mohle R, Sauvage LR, Moore MA, Storb RF, Hammond WP (1998) Evidence for circulating bone marrow-derived endothelial cells. Blood 92:362–367
Folkman J, Shing Y (1992) Angiogenesis. J Biol Chem 267:10931–10934
Risau W, Sariola H, Zerwes HG, Sasse J, Ekblom P, Kemler R, Doetschman T (1988) Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in embryonic-stem-cell-derived embryoid bodies. Development 102:471–478
Isner JM, Asahara T (1999) Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis as therapeutic strategies for postnatal neovascularization. J Clin Invest 103:1231–1236
Bailey AS, Jiang S, Afentoulis M, Baumann CI, Schroeder DA, Olson SB, Wong MH, Fleming WH (2004) Transplanted adult hematopoietic stems cells differentiate into functional endothelial cells. Blood 103:13–19
Pelosi E, Valtieri M, Coppola S, Botta R, Gabbianelli M, Lulli V, Marziali G, Masella B, Muller R, Sgadari C, Testa U, Bonanno G, Peschle C (2002) Identification of the hemangioblast in postnatal life. Blood 100:3203–3208
Ingram DA, Caplice NM, Yoder MC (2005) Unresolved questions, changing definitions, and novel paradigms for defining endothelial progenitor cells. Blood 106:1525–1531
Aicher A, Brenner W, Zuhayra M, Badorff C, Massoudi S, Assmus B, Eckey T, Henze E, Zeiher AM, Dimmeler S (2003) Assessment of the tissue distribution of transplanted human endothelial progenitor cells by radioactive labeling. Circulation 107:2134–2139
Timmermans F, Plum J, Yoder MC, Ingram DA, Vandekerckhove B, Case J (2009) Endothelial progenitor cells: identity defined? J Cell Mol Med 13:87–102
Garikipati VN, Krishnamurthy P, Verma SK, Khan M, Abramova T, Mackie AR, Qin G, Benedict C, Nickoloff E, Johnson J, Gao E, Losordo DW, Houser SR, Koch WJ, Kishore R (2015) Negative regulation of miR-375 by interleukin-10 enhances bone marrow-derived progenitor cell-mediated myocardial repair and function after myocardial infarction. Stem Cells 33:3519–3529
Krishnamurthy P, Thal M, Verma S, Hoxha E, Lambers E, Ramirez V, Qin G, Losordo D, Kishore R (2011) Interleukin-10 deficiency impairs bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cell survival and function in ischemic myocardium. Circ Res 109:1280–1289
Kishore R, Verma SK, Mackie AR, Vaughan EE, Abramova TV, Aiko I, Krishnamurthy P (2013) Bone marrow progenitor cell therapy-mediated paracrine regulation of cardiac miRNA-155 modulates fibrotic response in diabetic hearts. PLoS One 8:e60161
Cheng M, Huang K, Zhou J, Yan D, Tang YL, Zhao TC, Miller RJ, Kishore R, Losordo DW, Qin G (2015) A critical role of Src family kinase in SDF-1/CXCR4-mediated bone-marrow progenitor cell recruitment to the ischemic heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 81:49–53
Tongers J, Webber MJ, Vaughan EE, Sleep E, Renault MA, Roncalli JG, Klyachko E, Thorne T, Yu Y, Marquardt KT, Kamide CE, Ito A, Misener S, Millay M, Liu T, Jujo K, Qin G, Losordo DW, Stupp SI, Kishore R (2014) Enhanced potency of cell-based therapy for ischemic tissue repair using an injectable bioactive epitope presenting nanofiber support matrix. J Mol Cell Cardiol 74:231–239
Joladarashi D, Srikanth Garikipati VN, Thandavarayan RA, Verma SK, Mackie AR, Khan M, Gumpert AM, Bhimaraj A, Youker KA, Uribe C, Suresh Babu S, Jeyabal P, Kishore R, Krishnamurthy P (2015) Enhanced cardiac regenerative ability of stem cells after ischemia-reperfusion injury: role of human CD34+ cells deficient in MicroRNA-377. J Am Coll Cardiol 66:2214–2226
Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by funding from the National Institute of Health grants HL091983, HL095874, HL053354, and HL126186 to (R.K) and American Heart Association Postdoctoral grant to 15POST22720022 (V.N.S.G).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Garikipati, V.N.S., Kishore, R. (2017). Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Procedure for Cell Isolation and Applications. In: Di Nardo, P., Dhingra, S., Singla, D. (eds) Adult Stem Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1553. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6756-8_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6756-8_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-6754-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-6756-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols