Abstract
Hidden Markov models (HMMs) provide a framework to analyze large trajectories of biomolecular simulation datasets. HMMs decompose the conformational space of a biological molecule into finite number of states that interconvert among each other with certain rates. HMMs simplify long timescale trajectories for human comprehension, and allow comparison of simulations with experimental data. In this chapter, we provide an overview of building HMMs for analyzing bimolecular simulation datasets. We demonstrate the procedure for building a Hidden Markov model for Met-enkephalin peptide simulation dataset and compare the timescales of the process.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Karplus M, McCammon JA (2002) Molecular dynamics simulations of biomolecules. Nat Struct Biol 9:646–652
Shukla D, Meng Y, Roux B, Pande VS (2014) Activation pathway of Src kinase reveals intermediate states as targets for drug design. Nat Commun 5:1–11
Lapidus LJ, Acharya S, Schwantes CR, Wu L, Shukla D, King M, DeCamp SJ, Pande VS (2014) Complex pathways in folding of protein G explored by simulation and experiment. Biophys J 107:947–955
Shukla D, Trout BL (2010) Interaction of arginine with proteins and the mechanism by which it inhibits aggregation. J Phys Chem B 114:13426–13438
Shukla D, Shinde C, Trout BL (2009) Molecular computations of preferential interaction coefficients of proteins. J Phys Chem B 113:12546–12554
Shukla D, Schneider CP, Trout BL (2011) Molecular level insight into intra-solvent interaction effects on protein stability and aggregation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 63:1074–1085
Shan Y, Kim ET, Eastwood MP, Dror RO, Seeliger MA, Shaw DE (2011) How does a drug molecule find its target binding site? J Am Chem Soc 133:9181–9183
Lawrenz M, Shukla D, Pande VS (2015) Cloud computing approaches for prediction of ligand binding poses and pathways. Sci Rep 5:1–5
Kohlhoff KJ, Shukla D, Lawrenz M, Bowman GR, Konerding DE, Belov D, Altman RB, Pande VS (2014) Cloud-based simulations on Google Exacycle reveal ligand modulation of GPCR activation pathways. Nat Chem 6:15–21
Lane TJ, Shukla D, Beauchamp KA, Pande VS (2013) To milliseconds and beyond: challenges in the simulation of protein folding. Curr Opin Struct Biol 23:58–65
Shukla D, Hernández CX, Weber JK, Pande VS (2015) Markov state models provide insights into dynamic modulation of protein function. Acc Chem Res 48:414–422
Sultan MM, Kiss G, Shukla D, Pande VS (2014) Automatic selection of order parameters in the analysis of large scale molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Theory Comput 10:5217–5223
Pande VS, Beauchamp KA, Bowman GR (2010) Everything you wanted to know about Markov State Models but were afraid to ask. Methods 52:99–105
Rabiner LR, Juang BH (1986) An introduction to hidden Markov models. IEEE ASSP Mag 3:4–16
Eddy SR (1996) Hidden Markov models. Curr Opin Struct Biol 6:361–365
Rabiner LR (1989) A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition. Proc IEEE 77:257–286
de Trazegnies C, Urdiales C, Bandera A, Sandoval F (2003) A Hidden Markov Model object recognition technique for incomplete and distorted corner sequences. Image Vis Comput 21:879–889
Fox M, Ghallab M, Infantes G, Long D (2006) Robot introspection through learned hidden Markov models. Artif Intell 170:59–113
Hughey R, Krogh A (1996) Hidden Markov models for sequence analysis: extension and analysis of the basic method. Bioinformatics 12:95–107
Bouchaffra D, Tan J (2006) Protein fold recognition using a structural hidden Markov model. In: Proceedings of the 18th international conference on pattern recognition, vol 3, pp 186–189
Chiang TH, Hsu D, Latombe JC (2010) Markov dynamic models for long-timescale protein motion. Bioinformatics 26:269–277
Thayer KM, Beveridge DL, Thayer KM, Beveridget DL (2011) Markov Hidden on simulations models DNA from molecular dynamics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:8642–8647
Durbin R, Eddy SR, Krogh A, Mitchison G (1998) Biological sequence analysis: probabilistic models of proteins and nucleic acids. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Bowman GR, Huang X, Pande VS (2009) Using generalized ensemble simulations and Markov state models to identify conformational states. Methods 49:197–201
Haque IS, Beauchamp KA, Pande VS (2014) A fast 3 × N matrix multiply routine for calculation of protein RMSD. bioRxiv 008631:1–13
Beauchamp KA, Bowman GR, Lane TJ, Maibaum L, Haque IS, Pande VS (2011) MSMBuilder2: modeling conformational dynamics at the picosecond to millisecond scale. J Chem Theory Comput 7:3412–3419
Noé F, Wu H, Prinz JH, Plattner N (2013) Projected and hidden Markov models for calculating kinetics and metastable states of complex molecules. J Chem Phys 139:1–17
Mcgibbon RT, Ramsundar B, Sultan MM, Kiss G, Pande VS (2014) Understanding protein dynamics with L1-regularized reversible hidden Markov models. In: Proceedings of the 31st international conference on machine learning, vol 32, pp 1197–1205
Ghahramani Z (2001) An introduction to hidden Markov models and Bayesian networks. Int J Pattern Recognit Artif Intell 15:9–42
Talaga D (2007) Markov processes in single molecule fluorescence. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 12:285–296
Eddy SR (1998) Profile hidden Markov models. Bioinformatics 14:755–763
Hunter JD (2007) Matplotlib: a 2D graphics environment. Comput Sci Eng 9:90–95
Zhang Y, Zhou L, Rouge L, Phillips AH, Lam C, Liu P, Sandoval W, Helgason E, Murray JM, Wertz IE (2013) Conformational stabilization of ubiquitin yields potent and selective inhibitors of USP7. Nat Chem Biol 9:51–58
Perez F, Granger BE (2007) IPython: a system for interactive scientific computing. Comput Sci Eng 9:21–29
Akaike H, Company NP (1981) Likelihood of a model and information criteria. J Econom 16:3–14
Schwarz G (1978) Estimating the dimension of a model. Ann Math Stat 6:461–464
Keller BG, Kobitski AY, Jaeschke A, Nienhaus GU, Noe F (2014) Complex RNA folding kinetics revealed by single molecule FRET and hidden Markov models. J Am Chem Soc 136:4534–4543
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Shukla, S., Shamsi, Z., Moffett, A.S., Selvam, B., Shukla, D. (2017). Application of Hidden Markov Models in Biomolecular Simulations. In: Westhead, D., Vijayabaskar, M. (eds) Hidden Markov Models. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1552. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6753-7_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6753-7_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-6751-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-6753-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols