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Split-Brain Human Subjects

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Lateralized Brain Functions

Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 122))

Abstract

This chapter reviews the neuropsychological and imaging studies, carried out by the author’s group and coworkers on split-brain patients in the past 19 years, to investigate the role of the human corpus callosum in the interhemispheric transfer and integration of information. These studies will provide evidence of how the research on split-brain patients may provide a significant contribution to the understanding of lateralized and diffuse brain functions. In particular, by comparing results from total and partial callosotomized patients and with control subjects, many findings have been obtained on the organization and functions of human brain. The studies will be described in a brief overview of other groups’ research on similar patients.

The original version of this chapter was revised. The erratum to this chapter is available at: DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-6725-4_22

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Abbreviations

APC:

Anterior parietal cortex

BOLD:

Blood oxygenation level dependent

CC:

Corpus callosum

Cin:

Cingulated cortex

CS:

Central sulcus

CT:

Computerized tomography

CUD:

Crossed uncrossed difference

DTI:

Diffusion tensor imaging

fMRI:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

IT:

Interhemispheric transfer

GAD:

Glutamic acid decarboxylase

LVF:

Left visual field

MEG:

Magnetoencephalography

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

PCB:

Posterior callosal body

PCG:

Postcentral gyrus

PCS:

Postcentral sulcus

PET:

Positron emission tomography

PO:

Parietal operculum

PP:

Poffenberger paradigm

PPC:

Posterior parietal cortex

RF:

Receptive field

RHH:

Right hemisphere hypothesis

ROI:

Region of interest

RT:

Reaction time

RTE:

Redundant target effect

RVF:

Right visual field

SC:

Superior colliculus

S-DRT:

Same-different recognition test

SI:

Primary somatic sensory area

SII:

Secondary somatic sensory area

SS:

Sylvian sulcus

TFLT:

Tactile finger localization test

TNT:

Tactile naming test

TPJ:

Temporal parietal junction

VF:

Visual field

VH:

Valence hypothesis

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Professors Tullio Manzoni and Ugo Salvolini for establishing the collaboration, and for providing helpful criticism and support during the research; Drs. Angelo Quattrini, Maria Del Pesce, and Aldo Paggi for encouraging callosotomized patients to participate in the studies; Dr. Giulia Mascioli for her great fMRI processing work and neuropsychological testing; Ms. Gabriella Venanzi for scheduling patient examinations; the technical staff of the Istituto di Radiologia for their invaluable assistance during the scan acquisition; the patients and their families, all the volunteers who participated in the research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Medicina sperimentale e clinica, Sezione di Neuroscienze e Biologia cellulare, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

    Mara Fabri & Chiara Pierpaoli

  2. Centro Epilessia, Clinica di Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Umberto I, Ancona, Italy

    Nicoletta Foschi

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sezione di Scienze Radiologiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

    Gabriele Polonara

Authors
  1. Mara Fabri
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  2. Nicoletta Foschi
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  3. Chiara Pierpaoli
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  4. Gabriele Polonara
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mara Fabri .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia

    Lesley J. Rogers

  2. Centre for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Trento, Trento, Italy

    Giorgio Vallortigara

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Fabri, M., Foschi, N., Pierpaoli, C., Polonara, G. (2017). Split-Brain Human Subjects. In: Rogers, L., Vallortigara, G. (eds) Lateralized Brain Functions. Neuromethods, vol 122. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6725-4_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6725-4_2

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