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Functional MRI of the Spinal Cord

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fMRI Techniques and Protocols

Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 119))

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Abstract

Evidence to date shows that fMRI of the spinal cord (spinal fMRI) can reliably demonstrate regions involved with sensation of tactile, thermal, and painful stimuli, and with motor tasks. Spinal fMRI acquisition methods based on BOLD contrast have been recently optimized. Results have demonstrated the ability of spinal fMRI to provide objective assessments of sensory and motor function, and discriminate responses when modulated by cognitive/emotional factors. Studies have been also carried out with patients with cord trauma, and in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The availability of essentially automated analysis, large extent coverage of the spinal cord, and spatial normalization to permit comparisons with reference results and labeling of active regions are being implemented with the aim to translate the method into a practical clinical assessment tool.

The research completed so far indicates that spinal fMRI will be able to demonstrate where the neuronal activity is altered at any level (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral), whether or not information is reaching the cord from the periphery, and whether or not there is descending modulation of the response. It may also be able to provide an objective measure of pain, and to demonstrate the extent and mechanism of changes over time after an injury.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, c/o Center for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, 228 Botterell Hall, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 2V7

    Patrick Stroman Ph.D.

  2. Department of Physics, c/o Center for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, 228 Botterell Hall, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 2V7

    Patrick Stroman Ph.D.

  3. Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele Unviersity, Milan, Italy

    Massimo Filippi

  4. Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy

    Massimo Filippi

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  1. Patrick Stroman Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Patrick Stroman Ph.D. .

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  1. Neuroimaging Research Unit, INSPE, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy

    Massimo Filippi

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Stroman, P., Filippi, M. (2016). Functional MRI of the Spinal Cord. In: Filippi, M. (eds) fMRI Techniques and Protocols. Neuromethods, vol 119. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-5611-1_29

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-5611-1_29

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