Skip to main content

Intracranial Injection of an Optogenetics Viral Vector Followed by Optical Cannula Implantation for Neural Stimulation in Rat Brain Cortex

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Optogenetics

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1408))

Abstract

Optogenetics is rapidly gaining acceptance as a preferred method to study specific neuronal cell types using light. Optogenetic neuromodulation requires the introduction of a cell-specific viral vector encoding for a light activating ion channel or ion pump and the utilization of a system to deliver light stimulation to brain. Here, we describe a two-part methodology starting with a procedure to inject an optogenetic AAV virus into rat cortex followed by a second procedure to surgically implant an optical cannula for light delivery to the deeper cortical layers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Fenno L, Yizhar O, Deisseroth K (2011) The development and application of optogenetics. Annu Rev Neurosci 34:389–412

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Yizhar O, Fenno L, Davidson T et al (2011) Optogenetics in neural systems. Neuron 71(1):9–34

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Pashaie R, Anikeeva P, Lee J et al (2014) Optogenetic brain interfaces. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 7:3–30

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Zhang F, Aravanis A, Adamantidis A et al (2007) Circuit-breakers: optical technologies for probing neural signals and systems. Nat Rev Neurosci 8:577–581

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Zhang F, Wang L, Brauner M et al (2007) Multimodal fast optical interrogation of neural circuitry. Nature 446:633–639

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Deisseroth K (2011) Optogenetics. Nat Methods 8(1):26–29

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Mattis J, Tye K, Ferenczi E et al (2011) Principles for applying optogenetic tools derived from direct comparative analysis of microbial opsins. Nat Methods 9(2):159–172

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Gradinaru V, Thompson K, Diesseroth K (2008) eNpHR: a Natronomonas halorhodopsin enhanced for optogenetic applications. Brain Cell Biol 36:129–139

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Kato H, Zhang F, Yizhar O et al (2012) Crystal structure of the channelrhodopsin light-gated cation channel. Nature 482(7385):369–374

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Williams J, Denison T (2013) From optogenetic technologies to neuromodulation therapies. Sci Transl Med 5(177):177ps6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Gradinaru V, Thompson K, Zhang F et al (2007) Targeting and readout strategies for fast optical neural control in vitro and in vivo. J Neurosci 27(2):14231–14238

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Paxinos G, Watson C (2007) The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates, 6th edn. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  13. Aravanis A, Wang L, Feng Z et al (2007) An optical neural interface: in vivo control of rodent motor cortex with integrated fiberoptic and optogenetic technology. J Neural Eng 4:143–156

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Azimipour M, Baumgartner R, Liu Y et al (2014) Extraction of optical properties and predition of light distribution in rat brain tissue. J Biomed Opt 19(7):075001

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIBIB R01-EB000215NIH) and the Advancing a Healthier Wisconsin Program (5520208). R. Pashaie is supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Career Award grant # MIL109784.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ramin Pashaie .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Pawela, C., DeYoe, E., Pashaie, R. (2016). Intracranial Injection of an Optogenetics Viral Vector Followed by Optical Cannula Implantation for Neural Stimulation in Rat Brain Cortex. In: Kianianmomeni, A. (eds) Optogenetics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1408. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3512-3_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3512-3_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-3510-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-3512-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics