Abstract
In vitro culture is an important complement, or substitute, to in vivo approaches in order to study T cell effector differentiation. Here, we describe culture conditions that generate specific effector cell types by exposing naïve T cells to appropriate cytokine signals.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Seder RA, Paul WE (1994) Acquisition of lymphokine-producing phenotype by CD4+ T cells. Annu Rev Immunol 12:635–673
Kupper T, Horowitz M, Lee F, Robb R, Flood PM (1987) Autocrine growth of T cells independent of interleukin 2: identification of interleukin 4 (IL 4, BSF-1) as an autocrine growth factor for a cloned antigen-specific helper T cell. J Immunol 138:4280–4287
Swain SL, Weinberg AD, English M, Huston G (1990) IL-4 directs the development of Th2-like helper effectors. J Immunol 145:3796–3806
Andrus L, Granelli Piperno A, Reich E (1984) Cytotoxic T cells both produce and respond to interleukin 2. J Exp Med 159:647–652
Zhu J, Yamane H, Paul WE (2010) Differentiation of effector CD4 T cell populations. Annu Rev Immunol 28:445–489
Ashwell JD, Defranco AL, Paul WE, Schwartz RE et al (1984) Antigen presentation by resting B cells. Radiosensitivity of the antigen-presentation function and two distinct pathways of T cell activation. J Exp Med 159:881–905
Veldhoen M, Hirota K, Christensen J, O’Garra A, Stockinger B (2009) Natural agonists for aryl hydrocarbon receptor in culture medium are essential for optimal differentiation of Th17 T cells. J Exp Med 206:43–49
Mucida D, Park Y, Kim G, Turovskaya O, Scott I, Kronenberg M, Cheroutre H (2007) Reciprocal TH17 and regulatory T cell differentiation mediated by retinoic acid. Science 317:256–260
Coombes JL, Siddiqui KR, Arancibia-Cárcamo CV, Hall J, Sun CM, Belkaid Y, Powrie F (2007) A functionally specialized population of mucosal CD103+ DCs induces Foxp3+ regulatory T cells via a TGF-beta and retinoic acid-dependent mechanism. J Exp Med 204:1757–1764
Sun CM, Hall JA, Blank RB, Bouladoux N, Oukka M, Mora JR, Belkaid Y (2007) Small intestine lamina propria dendritic cells promote de novo generation of Foxp3 T reg cells via retinoic acid. J Exp Med 204:1775–1785
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Wohlfert, E.A., Carpenter, A.C., Belkaid, Y., Bosselut, R. (2016). In Vitro Analyses of T Cell Effector Differentiation. In: Bosselut, R., S. Vacchio, M. (eds) T-Cell Development. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1323. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2809-5_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2809-5_10
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2808-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2809-5
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols