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RNA-RNA Interactions pp 165–189Cite as

Structural Studies of a Double-Stranded RNA from Trypanosome RNA Editing by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering

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Part of the Methods in Molecular Biology book series (MIMB,volume 1240)

Abstract

We used small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to evaluate the solution structure of a double-stranded RNA with 32 base pairs. We wanted to compare the solution structure to the crystal structure to assess the impact of the crystal lattice on the overall conformation of the RNA. The RNA was designed to self-anneal and form a head-to-head fusion of two identical mRNA/oligo(U) tail domains (the U-helix) from a trypanosome RNA editing substrate formed by the annealing of a guide RNA to a pre-edited mRNA. This substrate is from the U insertion/deletion RNA editing system of trypanosomes. Each strand in the fusion RNA had 16 purines from the pre-mRNA followed by 16 uracils (Us) from the U-tail at the 3′ end of the guide RNA. The strands were designed to form a double helix with blunt ends, but each strand had the potential to form hairpins and single-stranded RNA helices. Hairpins could form by the 3′ oligouridylate tract folding back to hybridize with the 5′ oligopurine tract and forming an intervening loop. Single-stranded helices could form by the stacking of bases in the polypurine tract. Some of the 16 Us 3′ to the polypurine tract may have been unstacked and in random coils. Our SAXS studies showed that the RNA formed a mix of single-stranded structures in the absence of MgCl2. In the presence of MgCl2 at concentrations similar to those in the crystal, the solution structure was consistent with the double-stranded, blunt-ended structure, in agreement with the crystal structure. Here we describe the preparation of RNA samples, data collection with an in-house SAXS instrument designed for biological samples, and the processing and modeling of the scattering data.

Key words

  • SAXS
  • RNA–RNA interactions
  • Double-stranded RNA
  • RNA design
  • RNA editing
  • Poly(U)
  • Oligo(U)
  • 3′ Oligouridylation
  • Polyuridylation
  • Oligouridine
  • Polyuridine
  • Polypurine tract
  • 3′ Tails
  • mRNA
  • Guide RNA
  • Hairpin-duplex equilibrium

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by grants to BHMM from the Presbyterian Health Foundation (PHF #1545-Mooers), Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology (HR08-138), and the NIH-NIAID (R01-AI088011). This work was also supported in part by an Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the NIH-GMS under grant P20-GM103640.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rigaku Americas Inc., 9009 New Trails Drive, The Woodlands, TX, 77381, USA

    Angela Criswell

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th St., Stanton L. Young, Biomedical Research Center Rm. 466, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104-5419, USA

    Blaine H. M. Mooers

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  1. Angela Criswell
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Correspondence to Blaine H. M. Mooers .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA

    Frank J. Schmidt

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Criswell, A., Mooers, B.H.M. (2015). Structural Studies of a Double-Stranded RNA from Trypanosome RNA Editing by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering. In: Schmidt, F. (eds) RNA-RNA Interactions. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1240. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1896-6_13

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