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Revisiting the Principles of Designing a Vaccine

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Vaccine Design

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2410))

Abstract

Immune principles formulated by Jenner, Pasteur, and early immunologists served as fundamental propositions for vaccine discovery against many dreadful pathogens. However, decisive success in the form of an efficacious vaccine still eludes for diseases such as tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis. Several antileishmanial vaccine trials have been undertaken in past decades incorporating live, attenuated, killed, or subunit vaccination, but the goal remains unmet. In light of the above facts, we have to reassess the principles of vaccination by dissecting factors associated with the hosts’ immune response. This chapter discusses the pathogen-associated perturbations at various junctures during the generation of the immune response which inhibits antigenic processing, presentation, or remodels memory T cell repertoire. This can lead to ineffective priming or inappropriate activation of memory T cells during challenge infection. Thus, despite a protective primary response, vaccine failure can occur due to altered immune environments in the presence of pathogens.

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Author notes

  1. Shubhranshu Zutshi and Sunil Kumar contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Shubhranshu Zutshi, Sunil Kumar, Prashant Chauhan & Bhaskar Saha

  2. Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Bhaskar Saha

Authors
  1. Shubhranshu Zutshi
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  2. Sunil Kumar
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  3. Prashant Chauhan
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  4. Bhaskar Saha
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA

    Sunil Thomas

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Zutshi, S., Kumar, S., Chauhan, P., Saha, B. (2022). Revisiting the Principles of Designing a Vaccine. In: Thomas, S. (eds) Vaccine Design. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2410. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1884-4_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1884-4_3

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