Abstract
Conventional ultrasound with frequency (2–15 MHz) has been a global diagnostic and therapeutic tool in clinical medicine, and high-frequency ultrasound (>30 MHz) has been a powerful investigative device for preclinical studies such as cardiovascular research. In this chapter, we describe the use of conventional ultrasound with a 2.5–10 MHz transducer as an investigative device for the measurement/detection of blood flow in rabbit model. The chapter will describe the procedures for the preparation of sonographer, imaging locations, and the details of the rabbits used as well as detailed imaging steps for the preoperative, immediately after operation, and postoperative follow-up ultrasound for vascular surgery, using a vascular graft implantation as an example. We also provide useful notes to avoid pitfalls for successful imaging. The overall goal of this chapter is to deliver the steps in using low-cost, non-invasive, and highly versatile clinical ultrasound imaging in preclinical small animal testing.
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Acknowledgments
This work is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH R01 HL130274-01A1) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada (CREATE-509950-2018 and CREATE-528202-2019). Staff at the Central Animal Facility of the University of Waterloo for animal care, Dr. Filip Konecny for surgery, Sabrina Mattiassi, Sarah Wen-Hui Chan, Laura Edmonds, and John Tse for the transportation.
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Zaw, A.M. et al. (2022). Vascular Imaging in Small Animals Using Clinical Ultrasound Scanners. In: Zhao, F., Leong, K.W. (eds) Vascular Tissue Engineering. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2375. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1708-3_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1708-3_16
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