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Artificial Neural Networks pp 33–71Cite as

Machine Learning for Biomedical Time Series Classification: From Shapelets to Deep Learning

Part of the Methods in Molecular Biology book series (MIMB,volume 2190)

Abstract

With the biomedical field generating large quantities of time series data, there has been a growing interest in developing and refining machine learning methods that allow its mining and exploitation. Classification is one of the most important and challenging machine learning tasks related to time series. Many biomedical phenomena, such as the brain’s activity or blood pressure, change over time. The objective of this chapter is to provide a gentle introduction to time series classification. In the first part we describe the characteristics of time series data and challenges in its analysis. The second part provides an overview of common machine learning methods used for time series classification. A real-world use case, the early recognition of sepsis, demonstrates the applicability of the methods discussed.

Key words

  • Time series
  • Classification
  • Onset detection
  • Subsequence mining
  • Deep learning

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Notes

  1. 1.

    While we try to be consistent in our usage of notation, it might be necessary to slightly diverge from initially introduced notation to keep equations more readable. If this is the case, we will clarify this in the text.

  2. 2.

    We will refer to subsequences that are statistically significantly associated with a class label as shapelets. Note that this term is typically used for subsequences that are maximizing information gain.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Bastian Rieck, Dr. Damian Roqueiro, and Max Horn for their valuable input and discussion.

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Author notes

  1. Christian Bock and Michael Moor contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland

    Christian Bock, Michael Moor, Catherine R. Jutzeler & Karsten Borgwardt

  2. SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Christian Bock, Michael Moor, Catherine R. Jutzeler & Karsten Borgwardt

Authors
  1. Christian Bock
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  2. Michael Moor
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  3. Catherine R. Jutzeler
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  4. Karsten Borgwardt
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karsten Borgwardt .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry, Oxford University, Oxford, UK

    Dr. Hugh Cartwright

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Bock, C., Moor, M., Jutzeler, C.R., Borgwardt, K. (2021). Machine Learning for Biomedical Time Series Classification: From Shapelets to Deep Learning. In: Cartwright, H. (eds) Artificial Neural Networks. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2190. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0826-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0826-5_2

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