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Cyclodextrins for Probing Plasma Membrane Lipids

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Analysis of Membrane Lipids

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Abstract

Cyclodextrins are cyclic molecules with a hydrophilic external structure and a hydrophobic internal cavity. Due to their chemical structure, cyclodextrins can form complexes with hydrophobic or amphiphilic molecules, including lipids. This property has resulted in the widespread use of cyclodextrins for characterization and manipulation of lipids in biological membranes. In this chapter, the use of cyclodextrins for characterization of lipids in the cell plasma membrane is discussed. First, the chemical structure of different cyclodextrins is explained. Then, the current knowledge on the mechanisms of cyclodextrin–lipid interaction and the role of cyclodextrin and lipid chemical structure in the outcome of such interactions is summarized. The use of cyclodextrins for manipulation of plasma membrane lipids and its application to study membrane lipid rafts is also reviewed. Finally, future directions in the field and current opportunities to utilize cyclodextrins to provide a better understanding of the composition and organization of lipids in the plasma membrane are discussed.

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Abbreviations

CD:

Cyclodextrin

CEγCD:

Carboxyethylated-γCD

DMβCD:

Dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin

DMPC:

Dimyristoyl phosphocholine

DPPC:

Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine

DPPE:

Dipalmitoyl phosphoethanolamine

DSPC:

Distearoyl phosphocholine

GUV:

Giant unilamellar vesicle

HPαCD:

Hydroxypropylated-αCD

HPβCD:

Hydroxypropyl-βCD

LUV:

Large unilamellar vesicle

MβCD:

Methyl-β-cyclodextrin

PC:

Phosphatidylcholine

PE:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

PI:

Phosphatidylinositol

PS:

Phosphatidylserine

POPC:

1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine

SM:

Sphingomyelin

SUV:

Small unilamellar vesicles

TMβCD:

Trimethyl-β-cyclodextrin

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the NIH award R15ES030140 to AF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA

    Amid Vahedi & Amir M. Farnoud

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  1. Amid Vahedi
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  2. Amir M. Farnoud
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Correspondence to Amir M. Farnoud .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Biotechnology and Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon, Haryana, India

    Rajendra Prasad

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ashutosh Singh

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Vahedi, A., Farnoud, A.M. (2020). Cyclodextrins for Probing Plasma Membrane Lipids. In: Prasad, R., Singh, A. (eds) Analysis of Membrane Lipids. Springer Protocols Handbooks. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0631-5_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0631-5_9

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