Abstract
Stem cell differentiation and pluripotency are important stages in the regenerative medicine. The design and fabrication of user-friendly approach to save cost and time as well as monitor this process is crucial. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive technique to fabricate smart sensors for biological applications. In this technique, double enhancement effect on SERS signals is induced by utilizing graphene oxide (GO)-encapsulated gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The undifferentiated neural stem cells (NSCs) produced Raman peaks which were 3.5 times higher than those obtained from normal metal structures. The surface decorated using 3D GO-encapsulated GNPs was an effective, cost-saving, and nondestructive tool for distinguishing the differentiation state of NSCs. Moreover, the substrate composed of 3D GO-encapsulated gold nanoparticles was also effective for distinguishing the differentiation state of single NSC by using electrochemical and electrical techniques. Therefore, the recommended technique can be utilized as a powerful nondestructive in situ monitoring tool for the identification of the differentiation potential of various kinds of stem cells.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Steindler DA, Okun MS, Scheffler B (2012) Stem cell pathologies and neurological disease. Mod Pathol 25:157–162
Lee J-H, Lee T, Choi J-W (2016) Nano-biosensor for monitoring the neural differentiation of stem cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 6:224
Clarkson YL, Weatherall E, Waterfall M et al (2019) Extracellular localisation of the C-terminus of DDX4 confirmed by immunocytochemistry and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Cell 8:578
An X, Chen L (2018) Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) of erythroid cells. In: Erythropoiesis. Springer, New York, pp 153–174
Notingher I, Green C, Dyer C et al (2004) Discrimination between ricin and sulphur mustard toxicity in vitro using Raman spectroscopy. J R Soc Interface 1:79–90
Karaballi RA, Nel A, Krishnan S et al (2015) Development of an electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) aptasensor for direct detection of DNA hybridization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 17:21356–21363
Chen C, Liu W, Tian S et al (2019) Novel surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy techniques for DNA, protein and drug detection. Sensors 19:1712
Noonan J, Asiala SM, Grassia G et al (2018) In vivo multiplex molecular imaging of vascular inflammation using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Theranostics 8:6195
Coyle R, Jia J, Mei Y (2016) Polymer microarray technology for stem cell engineering. Acta Biomater 34:60–72
Willets KA (2009) Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for probing internal cellular structure and dynamics. Anal Bioanal Chem 394:85–94
Schulze HG, Konorov SO, Caron NJ et al (2010) Assessing differentiation status of human embryonic stem cells noninvasively using Raman microspectroscopy. Anal Chem 82:5020–5027
Yanes O, Clark J, Wong DM et al (2010) Metabolic oxidation regulates embryonic stem cell differentiation. Nat Chem Biol 6:411
McMurray RJ, Gadegaard N, Tsimbouri PM et al (2011) Nanoscale surfaces for the long-term maintenance of mesenchymal stem cell phenotype and multipotency. Nat Mater 10:637
Askari E, Naghib SM, Seyfoori A et al (2019) Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis and in vitro biological assessments of a novel Herceptin-stabilized graphene using three dimensional cell spheroid. Ultrason Sonochem 58:104615
Askari E, Naghib SM (2018) A novel approach to facile synthesis and biosensing of the protein-regulated graphene. Int J Electrochem Sci 13:886–897
Salahandish R, Ghaffarinejad A, Naghib SM et al (2019) Sandwich-structured nanoparticles-grafted functionalized graphene based 3D nanocomposites for high-performance biosensors to detect ascorbic acid biomolecule. Sci Rep 9:1226
Xu W, Ling X, Xiao J et al (2012) Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy on a flat graphene surface. Proc Natl Acad Sci 109:9281–9286
Kim T-H, Lee K-B, Choi J-W (2013) 3D graphene oxide-encapsulated gold nanoparticles to detect neural stem cell differentiation. Biomaterials 34:8660–8670
Ballarin B, Cassani MC, Scavetta E et al (2008) Self-assembled gold nanoparticles modified ITO electrodes: the monolayer binder molecule effect. Electrochim Acta 53:8034–8044
Kim T-H, El-Said WA, Choi J-W (2012) Highly sensitive electrochemical detection of potential cytotoxicity of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots using neural cell chip. Biosens Bioelectron 32:266–272
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Askari, E., Naghib, S.M. (2019). Detection and Monitoring of Stem Cell Differentiation Using Nanotechnology. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Stem Cell Nanotechnology. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2125. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2019_272
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/7651_2019_272
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-0359-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-0360-4
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols