Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is a contagious and often fatal disease that affects over 250 bird species worldwide, and is caused by infection with virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1) of the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Avulavirus. Infections of poultry with virulent strains of APMV-1 (Newcastle disease virus) are reportable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Vaccination of poultry species is a key measure in the control of ND. Other APMV-1 viruses of low virulence, which are not used as vaccines, are also often isolated from wild bird species. The APMV-1 virus, like avian influenza virus (AIV), is a hemagglutinating virus (HA) and able to agglutinate chicken red blood cells (RBC). Because the clinical presentation of ND can be difficult to distinguish from disease caused by AIV, techniques for differential diagnosis are essential, as well as the ability to detect mixed infections. When an HA positive virus is detected from virus isolation, additional assays can be performed to determine which virus is present. Both antigenic and molecular methods are necessary as some virulent ND viruses from cormorants in the USA after 2002 have lost their ability to hemagglutinate chicken RBC and molecular methods are needed for identification.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Miller PJ, Koch G (2013) Newcastle disease, other avian paramyxoviruses, and avian metapneumovirus infections. In: Swayne DE (ed) Diseases of poultry, 13th edn. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ, pp 89–138
Kapczynski DR, Afonso CL, Miller PJ (2013) Immune responses of poultry to Newcastle disease virus. Dev Comp Immunol 41:447–453
Miller PJ, Afonso CL, El Attrache J, Dorsey KM, Courtney SC, Guo Z, Kapczynski DR (2013) Effects of Newcastle disease virus vaccine antibodies on the shedding and transmission of challenge viruses. Dev Comp Immunol 41:505–513
World Animal Health Organization (OIE) (2012) Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals: Newcastle disease in http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.03.14_NEWCASTLE_DIS.pdf. Accessed 2 Aug 2013.
Diel DG, da Silva LH, Liu H, Wang Z, Miller PJ, Afonso CL (2012) Genetic diversity of avian paramyxovirus type 1: proposal for a unified nomenclature and classification system of Newcastle disease virus genotypes. Infect Genet Evol 12:1770–1779
Rue CA, Susta L, Brown CC, Pasick JM, Swafford SR, Wolf PC, Killian ML, Pedersen JC, Miller PJ, Afonso CL (2010) Evolutionary changes affecting rapid identification of 2008 Newcastle disease viruses isolated from double-crested cormorants. J Clin Microbiol 48:2440–2448
Briand FX, Henry A, Massin P, Jestin V (2012) Complete genome sequence of a novel avian paramyxovirus. J Virol 86:7710
Warke A, Appleby L, Mundt E (2008) Prevalence of antibodies to different avian paramyxoviruses in commercial poultry in the United States. Avian Dis 52:694–697
Hess M (2000) Detection and differentiation of avian adenoviruses: a review. Avian Pathol 29:195–206
Miller PJ, Decanini EL, Afonso CL (2010) Newcastle disease: evolution of genotypes and the related diagnostic challenges. Infect Genet Evol 10:26–35
Hines NL, Killian ML, Pedersen JC, Reising MM, Mosos NA, Mathieu-Benson C, Miller CL (2012) An rRT-PCR assay to detect the matrix gene of a broad range of avian paramyxovirus serotype-1 strains. Avian Dis 56:387–395
Kim LM, Suarez DL, Afonso CL (2008) Detection of a broad range of class I and II Newcastle disease viruses using a multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. J Vet Diagn Invest 20:414–425
Khan TA, Rue CA, Rehmani SF, Ahmed A, Wasilenko JL, Miller PJ, Afonso CL (2010) Phylogenetic and biological characterization of Newcastle disease virus isolates from Pakistan. J Clin Microbiol 48:1892–1894
Wise MG, Suarez DL, Seal BS, Pedersen JC, Senne DA, King DJ, Kapczynski DR, Spackman E (2004) Development of a real-time reverse-transcription PCR for detection of newcastle disease virus RNA in clinical samples. J Clin Microbiol 42:329–338
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Miller, P.J., Torchetti, M.K. (2014). Newcastle Disease Virus Detection and Differentiation from Avian Influenza. In: Spackman, E. (eds) Animal Influenza Virus. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1161. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0758-8_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-0757-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-0758-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols