This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Thorpe TA (1990) The current status of plant tissue culture. In: Developments in crop science 19. Plant tissue culture: applications and limitations, Bhojwani SS (ed) Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1–33
Haberlandt G (1902) Kulturversuche mit isolierten pflanzenzellen. Sber Akad Wiss Wein 111:69–92
Krikorian AD, Berquam DL (1969) Plant cell and tissue cultures: the role of Haberlandt. Bot Rev 35:59–87
Kotté W (1922) Kulturversuch isolierten wulzelspitzen. Beitr Allg Bot 2:413–434
Robbins WJ (1922) Cultivation of excised root tips and stem under sterile conditions. Bot Gaz 73:376–390
White PR (1934) Potentially unlimited growth of excised tomato root tips in a liquid medium. Plant Physiol 9:585–600
Gautheret RJ (1934) Culture du tissue cambial. C R Acad Sci (Paris) Sér III 198:2195–2196
White PR (1939) Potentially unlimited growth of excised plant callus in an artificial nutrient. Am J Bot 26:59–64
Nobécourt P (1939) Sur la perennite et l'augmentation de volume des cultures de tissus vegétaux. C R Séanc Soc Biol Paris 130:1270–1271
Guatheret RJ (1939) Sur la possibilité de réaliser la culture indéfinie des tissue de tubersules de carotte. C R Acad Sci (Paris) Sér III 208:118–121
van Overbeek J, Conklin ME, Blakeslee AF (1941) Factors in coconut milk essential for growth and development of very young Datura embryos. Science 94:350–351
Skoog F, Tsui C (1948) Chemical control of growth and bud formation in tobacco stem segments and callus cultured in vitro. Am J Bot 35:782–787
Miller CO, Skoog F, Von Saltza MH, Strong FM (1955) Kinetin, a cell division factor from deoxyribonucleic acid. J Am Chem Soc 77:1392
Skoog F, Miller CO (1957) Chemical regulation of growth and organ formation in plant tissues cultured in vitro. Symp Soc Exp Bot 11:118–130
Krikorian AD, Simola LK (1999) Totipotency, somatic embryogenesis, and Harry Waris (1893–1973). Physiol Plant 105:348–355
Steward FC, Mapes MO, Mears K (1958) Growth and organized development of cultured cells. II.Organization in cultures grown from freely suspended cells. Am J Bot 45:705–708
Reinert J (1959) Uber die kontrolle der morphogenese und die induktion von adventivembryonen an gewebekulturen aus karotten. Planta 53:318–333
Vasil V, Hildebrand AC (1965) Differentiation of tobacco plants from single, isolated cells in micro cultures. Science 150:889–892
Takebe I, Labib G, Melchers G (1971) Regeneration of whole plants fron isolated mesophyll protoplasts of tobacco. Naturwissenschaften 58:318–320
Carlson PS, Smith HH, Dearing PD (1972) Parasexual interspecific plant hybridisation. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 69:2292–2294
Cocking EC (1960) A method for the isolation of plant protoplasts and vacuoles. Nature 187:962–963
Tabata M, Mizukami H, Hiraoka N, Konoshima M (1974) Pigment formation in callus cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon. Phytochemistry 13:927
Fujita Y, Takahashi S, Yamada Y (1984) Selection of cell lines with high productivity of shikonin derivatives through protoplast of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, in Third european congress on biotechnology Vol. I, 9/10/1983, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp 161–166
Caplan A, Herrera-Estrella L, Inze D, Van Haute E, Van Montagu M, Zambryski JSP (1983) Introduction of genetic material into plant cells. Science 222:815–821
Herrera-Estrella L, Depicker A, Van Montagu M, Schell J (1983) Expression of chimaeric genes transferred into plant cells using a Ti-plasmid-derived vector. Nature 303:209–213
Trigiano RN, Gray DJ (2005) Plant development and biotechnology, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida
Vasil IK (2005) The story of transgenic cereals: the challenge, the debate, and the solution – A historical perspective. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 41:577–583
Loyola-Vargas VM, Vázquez–Flota FA (2006) Plant cell culture protocols, Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey
George EF (1993) Plant propagation by tissue culture. Part 1. The technology, Exegetics Limited, Great Britain
Conger BV (1980) Cloning Agricultural Plants Via in vitro Techniques, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio-assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15:473–497
Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K (1968) Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Exp Cell Res 50:151–158
Phillips GC, Collins GB (1979)in vitro tissue culture of selected legumes and plant regeneration from callus cultures of red clover. Crop Sci 19:59–64
Halperin W, Wetherell DF (1965) Ammonium requirement for embryogenesis in vitro. Nature 205:519–520
Wetherell DF, Dougall DK (1976) Sources of nitrogen supporting growth and embryogenesis in cultured wild carrot tissue. Physiol Plant 37:97–103
Nitsch JP, Nitsch C (1969) Haploid plants from pollen grains. Science 163:85–87
Kao KN, Michayluk R (1975) Nutritional requeriments for growth of Vicia hajastana cells and protoplasts at a very low population density in liquid media. Planta 126:1095–1100
Dodds JH, Roberts LW (1995) Experiments in plant tissue culture, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Gamborg OL, Phillips GC (1995) Plant cell, tissue and organ culture. Fundamental methods, Springer-Verlag, Germany
Street HE (1977) Plant tissue and cell culture, University of California Press, Oxford
Thorpe TA (1981) Plant tissue culture. Methods and applications in agriculture, Academic Press, New York
Vasil IK (1985) Cell culture and somatic cell genetics of plants. Vol. 2. Cell growth, nutrition, cytodifferentiation, and cryopreservation, Academic Press, Orlando
Constabel F (1984) Callus culture: induction and maintenance. In: Cell culture and somatic cell genetics of plants, Vasil IK (ed) Vol. 1, Academic Press, Orlando, pp. 27–35
Smith RH (1992) Plant tissue culture. Techniques and experiments, Academic Press, Inc., San Diego
Allan E (1991) Plant cell culture. In: Plant cell and tissue culture, Stafford A, Warren G (eds) Open University Press, London, pp 1–24
King PJ (1984) Induction and maintenance of cell suspension cultures. In: Cell culture and somatic cell genetics of plants, Vasil IK (ed) Vol. 1, Academic Press, Orlando, pp 130–138
Butcher DN, Street HE (1964) Excised root culture. Bot Rev 30:513–586
Lindsey K, Yeoman MM (1983) The relationship between growth rate, differentiation and alkaloid accumulation in cell cultures. J Exp Bot 34:1055–1065
Loyola-Vargas VM, Miranda-Ham ML (1995) Root culture as a source of secondary metabolites of economic importance. Rec Advan Phytochem 29:217–248
Canto-Canché B, Loyola-Vargas VM (1999) Chemical from roots, hairy roots, and their application. Adv Exp Med Biol 464:235–275
Flores HE, Vivanco JM, Loyola-Vargas VM (1999) “Radicle” biochemistry: the biology of root-specific metabolism. Trends Plant Sci 4:220–226
Bais HP, Loyola-Vargas VM, Flores HE, Vivanco JM (2001) Root-specific metabolism: the biology and biochemistry of underground organs. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 37:730–741
Flores HE, Filner P (1985) Hairy roots of Solanaceae as a source of alkaloids. Plant Physiol 77:12s
Flores HE, Filner P (1985) Metabolic relationships of putrescine, GABA and alkaloids in cell and root cultures of Solanaceae. In: Primary and secondary metabolism in plant cell cultures, Neumann KH, Barz W, Reinhard E (eds) Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp 174–186
Guillon S, Tremouillaux-Guiller J, Pati PK, Rideau M, Gantet P (2006) Hairy root research: recent scenario and exciting prospects. Curr Opi Plant Biol 9:341–346
Jordan M, Humam M, Bieri S, Christen P, Poblete E, Munoz O (2006)in vitro shoot and root organogenesis, plant regeneration and production of tropane alkaloids in some species of Schizanthus. Phytochemistry 67:570–578
Hernández-Domínguez E, Campos F, Vázquez-Flota FA (2004) Vindoline synthesis in in vitro shoot cultures of Catharanthus roseus. Biotechnol Lett 26:671–674
Ekiert H, Choloniewska M, Gomólka E (2001) Accumulation of furanocoumarins in Ruta graveolens L. shoot culture. Biotechnol Lett 23:543–545
Kirakosyan A, Hayashi H, Inoue K, Charchoglyan A, Vardapetyan H (2000) Stimulation of the production of hypericins by mannan in Hypericum perforatum shoot cultures. Phytochemistry 53:345–348
Davey MR, Anthony P, Power JB, Lowe KC (2005) Plant protoplast technology: status and applications. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 41:202–212
Acuña JR, de Pena M (1991) Plant regeneration from protoplasts of embryogenic cell suspensions of Coffea arabica L. cv. caturra. Plant Cell Rep 10:345–348
Toruan-Mathius N (1992) Isolation and protoplasts culture of Coffea arabica L. Biotechnol Forest Tree Improvement 49:89–98
Aftab F, Iqbal J (1999) Plant regeneration from protoplasts derived from cell suspension of adventive somatic embryos in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.hybrid cv. CoL-54 and cv. CP-43/33). Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 56:155–162
Arcioni S, Davey MR, Dos Santos AVP, Cocking EC (1982) Somatic embryo-genesis in tissues from mesophyll and cell suspension protoplasts of Medicago coerulea and M. glutinosa. Z Pflanzenphysiol 106:105–110
Ara H, Jaiswal U, Jaiswal VS (2000) Plant regeneration from protoplasts of mango (Mangifera indica L.) through somatic embryogenesis. Plant Cell Rep 19:622– 627
Vasil IK, Vasil V, Redway F (1990) Plant regeneration from embryogenic calli, cell suspension cultures and protoplasts of Triticum aestivum L. (Wheat). In: Progress in plant cellular and molecular biology., Nijkamp HJJ, Van der Plas LHW, Van Aartrijk J (eds) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 33–37
Birnbaum K, Shasha DE, Wang JY, Jung JW, Lambert GM, Galbraith DW, Benfey PN (2003) A gene expression map of the Arabidopsis root. Science 302: 1956–1960
Birnbaum K, Jung JW, Wang JY, Lambert GM, Hirst JA, Galbraith DW, Benfey PN (2005) Cell type-specific expression profiling in plants via cell sorting of protoplasts from fluorescent reporter lines. Nat Meth 2:615–619
Hammatt N, Lister A, Blackhall NW, Gartland J, Ghose TK, Gilmour DM, Power JB, Davey MR, Cocking EC (1990) Selection of plant heterokaryons from diverse origins by flow cytometry. Protoplasma 154:34–44
Yarbrough JA (1936) The foliar embryos of Tolmiea menziesii. Am J Bot 123: 16–20
Yarbrough JA (1932) Anatomical and developmental studies of the foliar embryos of Bryophyllum calycinum. Am J Bot 19:443–453
Phillips GC (2004)in vitro morphogenesis in plants – Recent advances. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 40:342–345
Quiroz-Figueroa FR, Rojas-Herrera R, Galaz-Avalos RM, Loyola-Vargas VM (2006) Embryo production through somatic embryogenesis can be used to study cell differentiation in plants. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 86:285–301
Gaj MD (2004) Factors influencing somatic embryogenesis induction and plant regeneration with particular reference to Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Plant Growth Regul 43:27–47
Sugiyama M (1999) Organogenesis in vitro. Curr Opi Plant Biol 2:61–64
Zuo J, Niu QW, Frugis G, Chua NH (2002) The WUSCHEL gene promotes vegetative-to-embryonic transition in Arabidopsis. Plant J 30:349–359
Sugiyama M (2000) Genetic analysis of plant morphogenesis in vitro. Int Rev Cytol 196:67–84
George EF (1996) Plant propagation by tissue culture. Part 2, Exegetics Limited, England
Debergh PC, Zimmerman RH (1993) Micropropagation. Technology and application, Kluer Academic Publishers, Netherlands
Herman EB (1991) Recent Advances in Plant Tissue Culture. Regeneration, Micropropagation and Media 1988–1991, Agritech Consultants, Inc., USA
Herman EB (1995) Recent advances in plant tissue culture III. Regeneration and micropropagation: techniques, systems and media 1991–1995, Agritech Consultants, USA
Kyte L, Kleyn J (1996) Plant from test tubes. An introduction to micropropagation, Timber Press, Portland
Debnath M, Malik CP, Bisen PS (2006) Micropropagation: a tool for the production of high quality plant-based medicines. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 7:33–49
Murashige T (1974) Plant propagation through tissue cultures. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 25:135–166
George EF (1993) Plant propagation and micropropagation. In: Plant propagation by tissue culture. Part 1, George EF (ed) Exegetics Limited, England, pp 37–66
Hazarika BN (2006) Morpho–physiological disorders in in vitro culture of plants. Sci Hortic 108:105–120
Huang C, Chen C (2005) Physical properties of culture vessels for plant tissue culture. Biosys Eng 91:501–511
Chen C (2004) Humidity in plant tissue culture vessels. Biosys Eng 88:231–241
Zobayed SMA, Afreen F, Xiao Y, Kozai T (2004) Recent advancement in research on photoautotrophic micropropagation using large culture vessels with forced ventilation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 40:450–458
Lowe KC, Anthony P, Power JB, Davey MR (2003) Novel approaches for regulating gas supply to plant systems in vitro: application and benefits of artificial gas carriers. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 39:557–566
Pierik RLM, Ruibing MA (1997) Developments in the micropropagation industry in the Netherlands. Plant Tiss Cult Biotechnol 3:152–156
Robert ML, Herrera-Herrera JL, Herrera-Herrera G, Herrera-Alamillo MA, Fuentes-Carrillo P (2006) A new temporary immersion bioreactor system for micropropagation. In: Plant cell culture protocols, Loyola-Vargas VM, Vázquez-Flota F (eds) Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, pp 121–129
Etienne H, Berthouly M (2002) Temporary immersion systems in plant micro-propagation. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 69:215–231
Berthouly M, Dufour M, Alvard D, Carasco C, Alemanno L, Teisson C (1995) Coffee micropropagaction in a liquid medium using the temporary immersion technique, in 16è Colloque Scientifique International sur le Café, Association Scientifique Internationale du Café, Paris, pp 514–519
Cabasson C, Alvard D, Dambier D, Ollitrault P, Teisson C (1997) Improvement of Citrus somatic embryo development by temporary immersion. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 50:33–37
Etienne H, Lartaud M, Michaux-Ferrière N, Carron MP, Berthouly M, Teisson C (1997) Improvement of somatic embryogenesis in Hevea brasiliensis (mull. arg.) using the temporary immersion technique. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 33:81–87
Lorenzo JC, González BL, Escalona M, Teisson C, Espinosa P, Borroto C (1998) Sugarcane shoot formation in an improved temporary immersion system. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 54:197–200
Zimmerman JL (1993) Somatic embryogenesis: A model for early development in higher plants. Plant Cell 5:1411–1423
Schmidt EDL, Guzzo F, Toonen MAJ, De Vries SC (1997) A leucinerich repeat containing receptor-like kinase marks somatic plant cells competent to form embryos. Development 124:2049–2062
Komamine A, Murata N, Nomura K (2005) Mechanisms of somatic embryogen-esis in carrot suspension cultures – morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 41:6–10
Kawahara R, Komamine A (1995) Molecular basis of somatic embryogenesis, In: Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry. Vol. 30. Somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed I, Bajaj YPS (ed) Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 30–40
Dodeman VL, Ducreux G, Kreis M (1997) Zygotic embryogenesis versus somatic embryogenesis. J Exp Bot 48:1493–1509
Fehér A, Pasternak TP, Dudits D (2003) Transition of somatic plant cells to an embryogenic state. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 74:201–228
Nogler GA (1984) Gametophytic Apomixis. In: Embryology of Angiosperms, Johri BM (ed) Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 475–518
Raghavan V (2000) Developmental biology of flowering plants, Springer-Verlag, NY
Maraschin SF, de Priester W, Spaink HP, Wang M (2005) Androgenic switch: an example of plant embryogenesis from the male gametophyte perspective. J Exp Bot 56:1711–1726
Bhojwani SS, Razdan MK (1983) Plant Tissue Culture: Theory and Practice, Elsevier, Amsterdam
Waris H (1957) A striking morphogenetic effect of amino acid in seed plant. Suom Kemistil 36B:121
Rojas-Herrera R, Quiroz-Figueroa FR, Sánchez-Teyer F, Loyola-Vargas VM (2002) Molecular analysis of somatic embryogenesis: An overview. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 8:171–184
Kato H, Takeuchi M (1963) Morphogenesis in vitro starting from single cells of carrot root. Plant Cell Physiol 4:243–245
Halperin W (1966) Alternative morphogenetic events in cell suspensions. Am J Bot 53:443–453
Schiavone FM, Cooke TJ (1985) A geometric analysis of somatic embryo formation in carrot cell culture. Can J Bot 63:1573–1578
Nakamura T, Taniguchi T, Maeda E (1992) Studies on somatic embryogenesis of coffee by scanning electron microscope. Jpn J Crop Sci 61:476–486
Wetherell DF (1984) Enhanced adventive embryogenesis resulting from plasmo-lysis of cultured wild carrot cells. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 5:221–227
Kamada H, Kobayashi K, Kiyosue T, Harada H (1989) Stress induced somatic embryogenesis in carrot and its application to synthetic seed production. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 25:1163–1166
Litz RE (1986) Effect of osmotic stress on somatic embryogenesis in Carica suspension cultures. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 111:969–972
Galiba G, Yamada Y (1988) A novel method increasing the frequency of somatic embryogenesis in wheat tissue culture by NaCl and KCl supplementation. Plant Cell Rep 7:55–58
Ikeda-Iwai M, Umehara M, Satoh S, Kamada H (2003) Stress-induced somatic embryogenesis in vegetative tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 34:107–114
Pasternak TP, Prinsen E, Ayaydin F, Miskolczi P, Potters G, Asard H, Van Onckelen HA, Dudits D, Fehér A (2002) The role of auxin, pH, and stress in the activation of embryogenic cell division in leaf protoplast–derived cells of alfalfa. Plant Physiol 129:1807–1819
Kiyosue T, Takano K, Kamada H, Harada H (1990) Induction of somatic embryo-genesis in carrot by heavy metal ions. Can J Bot 68:2301–2303
Smith DL, Krikorian AD (1989) Release of somatic embryogenic potential from excised zygotic embryos of carrot and maintenance of proembryonic cultures in hormone-free medium. Am J Bot 76:1832–1843
Lee EK, Cho DY, Soh WY (2001) Enhanced production and germination of somatic embryos by temporary starvation in tissue cultures of Daucus carota. Plant Cell Rep 20:408–415
Roustan J-P, Latche A, Fallot J (1989) Effet de l'acide salicylique et de l'acide acétylsalicylique sur la production d'éthylène et l'embryogenèse somatique de suspensions cellulaires de carotte (Daucus carota L.). C R Acad Sci (Paris) Sér III 308:395–399
Hutchinson MJ, Saxena PK (1996) Acetylsalicylic acid enhances and synchronizes thidiazuron-induced somatic embryogenesis in geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum Bailey) tissue cultures. Plant Cell Rep 15:512–515
Quiroz-Figueroa FR, Méndez-Zeel M, Larqué-Saavedra A, Loyola-Vargas VM (2001) Picomolar concentrations of salycilates induce cellular growth and enhance somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica tissue culture. Plant Cell Rep 20:679–684
Leslie CA, Romani RJ (1986) Salicylic acid: a new inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis. Plant Cell Rep 5:144–146
Roustan JP, Latche A, Fallot J (1989) Stimulation of Daucus carota somatic embryogenesis by inhibitors of ethylene synthesis: cobalt and nickel. Plant Cell Rep 8:182–185
Hutchinson MJ, Murr D, Krishnaraj S, Senaratna T, Saxena PK (1997) Does ethylene play a role in thidiazuron–regulated somatic embryogenesis of geranium (Pelargonium x Hortorum bailey) hypocotyl cultures? In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 33:136–141
Hatanaka T, Sawabe E, Azuma T, Uchida N, Yasuda T (1995) The role of eth-ylene in somatic embryogenesis from leaf disks of Coffea canephora. Plant Sci 107:199–204
Kairong KR, Xing GS, Liu XM, Xing GM, Wang YF (1999) Effect of hydrogen peroxide on somatic embryogenesis of Lycium barbarum L. Plant Sci 146:9–16
Luo JP, Jiang ST, Pan LJ (2001) Enhanced somatic embryogenesis by salicylic acid of Astragalus adsurgens Pall.: relationship with H2O2 production and H2O2– metabolizing enzyme activities. Plant Sci 161:125–132
Dudits D, Bögre L, Györgyey J (1991) Molecular and cellular approaches to the analysis of plant embryo development from somatic cells in vitro. J Cell Sci 99:473–482
Dudits D, Györgyey J, Bögre L, Bakó L (1995) Molecular biology of somatic embryogenesis. In: in vitro embryogenesis in plants, Thorpe TA (ed) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 267–308
Lichtenthaler HK (1998) The stress concept in plants: an introduction. Ann NY Acad Sci 851:187–198
Higashi K, Daita M, Kobayashi T, Sasaki K, Harada H, Kamada H (1998) Inhibitory conditioning for carrot somatic embryogenesis in high-cell-density cultures. Plant Cell Rep 18:2–6
Umehara M, Ogita S, Sasamoto H, Koshino H, Asami T, Fujioka S, Yoshida S, Kamada H (2005) Identification of a novel factor, vanillyl benzyl ether, which inhibits somatic embryogenesis of Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis Gordon). Plant Cell Physiol 46:445–453
Yang H, Matsubayashi Y, Hanai H, Sakagami Y (2000) Phytosulfokine-α, a peptide growth factor found in higher plants: its structure, functions, precursor and receptors. Plant Cell Physiol 41:825–830
Igasaki T, Akashi N, Ujino-Ihara T, Matsubayashi Y, Sakagami Y, Shinohara K (2003) Phytosulfokine stimulates somatic embryogenesis in Cryptomeria japonica. Plant Cell Physiol 44:1412–1416
Fridborg E (1978) The effect of activated charcoal on tissue cultures; adsorption of metabolites inhibiting morphogenesis. Physiol Plant 43:104–106
Osuga K, Kamada H, Komamine A (1993) Cell density is an important factor for synchronization of the late stage of somatic embryogenesis at high frequency. Plant Tiss Cult Lett 10:180–183
Kobayashi T, Higashi K, Sasaki K, Asami T, Yoshida S, Kamada H (2000) Purification from conditioned medium and chemical identification of a factor that inhibits somatic embryogenesis in carrot. Plant Cell Physiol 41:268–273
Kobayashi T, Eun CH, Hanai H, Matsubayashi Y, Sakagami Y, Kamada H (1999) Phytosulphokine–α, a peptidyl plant growth factor, stimulates somatic embryo-genesis in carrot. J Exp Bot 50:1123–1128
Igasaki T, Akashi N, Shinohara K (2006) Somatic embryogenesis in Cryptomeria japonica D. Don: gene for phytosulfokine (PSK) precursor. In: Somatic embryo-genesis, Mujib A, Samaj J (eds) Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 201–213
Satoh S, Kamada H, Harada H, Fujii T (1986) Auxin–controlled glycoprotein release into the medium of embryogenic carrot cells. Plant Physiol 81:931–933
Cordewener J, Booij H, Van der Zandt H, Van Engelen FA, Van Kammen A, De Vries SC (1991) Tunicamycin-inhibited carrot somatic embryogenesis can be restored by secreted cationic peroxidase isoenzymes. Planta 184:478–486
Lo Schiavo F, Giuliano G, De Vries SC, Genga A, Bollini R, Pitto L, Cozzani F, Nuti-Ronchi V, Terzi M (1990) A carrot cell variant temperature sensitive for somatic embryogenesis reveals a defect in the glycosylation of extracellular proteins. Mol Gen Genet 223:385–393
De Jong AJ, Cordewener J, Lo Schiavo F, Terzi M, Vandekerckhove J, Van Kammen A, De Vries SC (1992) A carrot somatic embryo mutant is rescued by chitinase. Plant Cell 4:425–433
Baldan B, Guzzo F, Filippini F, Gasparian M, LoSchiavo F, Vitale A, De Vries SC, Mariani P, Terzi M (1997) The secretory nature of the lesion of carrot cell variant ts11, rescuable by endochitinase. Planta 203:381–389
De Jong AJ, Hendriks T, Meijer EA, Penning M, Lo Schiavo F, Terzi M, Van Kammen A, De Vries SC (1995) Transient reduction in secreted 32 kD chitinase prevents somatic embryogenesis in the carrot (Daucus carota L.) variant ts11. Devel Genet 16:332–343
Van Hengel AJ, Tadesse Z, Immerzeel P, Schols H, Van Kammen A, De Vries SC (2001) N-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine-containing arabinogalactan proteins control somatic embryogenesis. Plant Physiol 125:1880–1890
Egertsdotter U, Mo LH, Von Arnold S (1993) Extracellular proteins in embryo-genic suspension cultures of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Physiol Plant 88: 315–321
Egertsdotter U, Vo n Arnold S (1995) Importance of arabinogalactan proteins for the development of somatic embryos of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Physiol Plant 93:334–345
Letarte J, Simion E, Miner M, Kasha K (2006) Arabinogalactans and arabinoga-lactan-proteins induce embryogenesis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) microspore culture. Plant Cell Rep 24:691–698
Ikeda M, Umehara M, Kamada H (2006) Embryogenesis-related genes; Its expression and roles during somatic and zygotic embryogenesis in carrot and Arabidopsis. Plant Biotechnol J 23:153–161
Hecht V, Vielle-Calzada JP, Hartog MV, Schmidt EDL, Boutilier K, Grossniklaus U, De Vries SC (2001) The Arabidopsis somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 1 gene is expressed in developing ovules and embryos and enhances embryogenic competence in culture. Plant Physiol 127:803–816
Lotan T, Ohto M, Matsudaira YK, West MAL, Lo R, Kwong RW, Yamagishi K, Fischer RL, Goldberg RB, Harada JJ (1998) Arabidopsis leafy cotyledon1 is sufficient to induce embryo development in vegetative cells. Cell 93:1195–1205
Stone SL, Kwong LW, Yee KM, Pelletier J, Lepiniec L, Fischer RL, Goldberg RB, Harada JJ (2001) Leafy cotyledon encodes a B3 domain transcription factor that induces embryo development. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 98:11806–11811
Boutilier K, Offringa R, Sharma VK, Kieft H, Ouellet T, Zhang L, Hattori J, Liu CM, Van Lammeren AAM, Miki BLA, Custers JBM, Van Lookeren-Campagne MM (2002) Ectopic expression of BABY BOOM triggers a conversion from vegetative to embryonic growth. Plant Cell 14:1737–1749
Laux T, Mayer KF, Berger J, Jurgens G (1996) The WUSCHEL gene is required for shoot and floral meristem integrity in Arabidopsis. Development 122:87–96
Kwon CS, Chen C, Wagner D (2005) Arabidopsis SPLAYED in dynamic control of stem cell fate in is a primary target for transcriptional regulation by WUSCHEL. Genes Dev 19:992–1003
Ogas J, Chen J-C, Sung ZR, Somerville C (1997) Cellular Differentiation Regulated by Gibberellin in the Arabidopsis thaliana pickleMutant. Science 277:91–94
Harding EW, Tang W, Nichols KW, Fernandez DE, Perry SE (2003) Expression and maintenance of embryogenic potential is enhanced through constitutive expression of AGAMOUS-like 15. Plant Physiol 133:653–663
Bayliss MW (1973) Origin of chromosome number variation in cultured plant cells. Nature 246:529–530
Gengenbach BG, Connelly JA, Pring DR, Conde MF (1981) Mitochondrial DNA variation in maize plants regenerated during tissue culture selection. Theor Appl Genet 59:161–167
Larkin PJ, Scowcroft WR (1981) Somaclonal variation –a novel source of variability from cell cultures for plant improvement. Theor Appl Genet 60:197–214
Kaeppler SM, Kaeppler HF, Rhee Y (2000) Epigenetic aspects of somaclonal variation in plants. Plant Mol Biol 43:179–188
Monk M (1990) Variation in epigenetic inheritance. Trends Genet 6:110–114
Larkin PJ, Ryan SA, Brettell RIS, Scrowcroft WR (1984) Heritable somaclonal variation in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 67:443–456
Lee M, Phillips RL (1988) The chromosomal basis of somaclonal variation. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 39:413–437
Kaeppler SM, Phillips RL (1993) Tissue culture-induced DNA methylation variation in maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 90:8773–8776
Bebeli PJ, Karp A, Kaltsikes PJ (1990) Somaclonal variation from cultured immature embryos of sister lines of rye differing in heterochromatic content. Genome 33:177–183
Skirvin RM, Coyner M, Norton MA, Motoike S, Gorvin D (2000) Somaclonal variation: do we know what causes it? AgBiotechNet 2:1–4
Orton TJ (1984) Case histories of genetic variability in vitro: celery. In: Cell culture and somatic cell genetics of plants. Vol. 3. Plant regeneration and genetic variability, Vasil IK (ed) Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, pp 245–366
Evans DA (1988) Applications of somaclonal variation. In: Biotechnology in Agriculture, Mizrahi A (ed) Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York 203–223
Van den Bulk RW, Löfer HJM, Lindhout WH, Koornneef M (1990) Somaclonal variation in tomato: effect of explant source and comparison with chemical muta-genesis. Theor Appl Genet 80:817–825
Novak FJ, Daskalov S, Brunner H, Nesticky M, Afza R, Dolezelova M, Lucretti S, Herichova A, Hermelin T (1988) Somatic embryogenesis in maize and comparison of genetic variability induced by gamma radiation and tissue culture techniques. J Plant Breed 101:66–79
Yang ZP, Yang XY, Huang DC (1998) Studies on somaclonal variants for resistance to scab in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through in vitro selection for tolerance to deoxynivalenol. Euphytica 101:213–219
Claxton JR, Arnold DL, Clarkson JM, Blakesley D (1998) The regeneration and screening of watercress somaclones for resistance to Spongospora subterranea f. sp. nasturtii and measurement of somaclonal variation. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 52:155–164
Ahmed KZ, Mesterhazy A, Bartok T, Sagi F (1996) in vitro techniques for selecting wheat (Triticum aestivum L) for Fusarium–resistance.2. Culture filtrate technique and inheritance of Fusarium–resistance in the somaclones. Euphytica 91:341–349
Muhammad AJ, Othman RY (2005) Charactherization of Fusarium wiltresist-ant and Fusarium wilt-susceptible somaclones of banana cultivar Rastali (Musa AAB) by random amplified polymorphic DNA and retrotransposon markers. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 23:241–249
Bertin P, Kinet JM, Bouharmont J (1996) Heritable chilling tolerance improvement in rice through somaclonal variation and cell line selection. Aust J Bot 44:91–105
Bertin P, Bouharmont J, Kinet JM (1997) Somaclonal variation and improvement of chilling tolerance in rice: Changes in chilling–induced chlorophyll fluorescence. Crop Sci 37:1727–1735
Bertin P, Bouharmont J (1997) Use of somaclonal variation and in vitro selection for chilling tolerance improvement in rice. Euphytica 96:135–142
Mohamed MA, Harris PJC, Henderson J (2000) in vitro selection and characterisation of a drought tolerant clone of Tagetes minuta. Plant Sci 159:213–222
Bajji M, Bertin P, Lutts S, Kinet JM (2004) Evaluation of drought resistance-related traits in durum wheat somaclonal lines selected in vitro. Aust J Exp Agricul 44:27–35
Bertin P, Busogoro JP, Tilquin JP, Kinet JM, Bouharmont J (1996) Field evaluation and selection of rice somaclonal variants at different altitudes. Plant Breed 115:183–188
Lutts S, Kinet JM, Bouharmont J (1998) NaCl impact on somaclonal variation exhibited by tissue culture– derived fertile plants of rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Plant Physiol 152:92–103
Bariaud-Fontanel A, Tabata M (1988) Somaclonal variation in the berberine-producing capability of a culture strain of Thalictrum minus. Plant Cell Rep 7:206–209
Berlin J (1990) Screening and selection for variant cell lines with increased levels of secondary metabolites. In: Secondary Products from Plant Tissue Culture, Charlwood BV, Rhodes MJC (eds) Oxford University Press, Oxford 119–137
Dougall DK (1990) Somaclonal variation as a tool for the isolation of elite cell lines to produce secondary metabolites. In: Production of Secondary Metabolites from Plant Tissue Cultures and its Biotechnological Perspectives, Loyola-Vargas VM (ed) CICY, Merida, Yucatan, pp 122–137
Ravindra NS, Kulkarni RN, Gayathri MC, Ramesh S (2004) Somaclonal variation for some morphological traits, herb yield, essential oil contentand essential oil composition in an Indian cultivar of rose–scented geranium. Plant Breed 123:84–86
Bozorgipour R, Snape JW (1997) An assessment of somaclonal variation as a breeding tool for generating herbicide tolerant genotypes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Euphytica 94:335–340
Jan VV, De Macedo CC, Kinet JM, Bouharmont J (1997) Selection of Al-resist-ant plants from a sensitive rice cultivar using somaclonal variation, in vitro and hydroponic cultures. Euphytica 97:303–310
Bidhan R, Asit BM (2005) Towards development of Al-toxicity tolerant lines in indica rice by exploiting somaclonal variation. Euphytica 145:221–227
Adkins SW, Shiraishi T, McComb JA, Ratanopol S, Kupkanchanakul T, Armstrong LJ, Schultz AL (1990) Somaclonal variation in rice-submergence tolerance and other agronomic characters. Physiol Plant 80:647–654
Blakeslee AF, Belling J, Farnham ME, Bergner AD (1922) A haploid mutant in the Jimson weed, “Datura stramonium”. Science 55:646–647
Guha S, Maheshwari SC (1964) in vitro production of embryos from anthers of Datura. Nature 204:497
Guha S, Maheshwari SC (1966) Cell division and differentiation of embryos in the pollen grain of Datura in vitro. Nature 212:97–98
Germaná MA (2006) Doubled haploid production in fruit crops. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 86:131–146
Thomas WTB, Forster BP, Gertsson B (2003) Doubled haploids in breeding. In: Doubled haploid production in crop plants, a manual, Maluszynski M, Kasha KJ, Forster BP, Szarejko I (eds) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 337–349
Feiyu T, Yazhong T, Tianyong Z, Guoying W (2006) in vitro production of hap-loid and doubled haploid plants from pollinated ovaries of maize (Zea mays). Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 84:100210–100214
Guangyuan H, Jinrui Z, Kexiu L, Zhiyong X, Mingjie C, Junli C, Yuesheng W, Guangxiao Y, Beáta B (2006) An improved system to establish highly embryo-genic haploid cell and protoplast cultures from pollen calluses of maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 86:15–25
Loyola-Vargas VM, Vázquez-Flota FA (2006) An introduction to plant cell culture: Back to the future. In: Plant cell culture protocols, Loyola-Vargas VM, Vázquez-Flota FA (eds) Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, pp 1–8
Leckie F, Scragg AH, Cliffe KC (1990) The effect of continuous high shear stress on plant cell suspension cultures. In: Progress in plant cellular and molecular biology, Nijkamp HJJ, Van der Plas LHW, Van Aartrijk J (eds) Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp 689–693
Dracup M (1991) Increasing salt tolerance of plants through cell culture requires greater understanding of tolerance mechanisms. Aust J Plant Physiol 18:1–15
Takeuchi Y, Komamine A (1982) Effects of culture conditions on cell division and composition of regenerated cell walls in Vinca rosea protoplasts. Plant Cell Physiol 23:249–255
Takeuchi Y, Komamine A (1981) Glucans in the cell walls regenerated from Vinca rosea protoplasts. Plant Cell Physiol 22:1585–1594
Takeuchi Y, Komamine A (1978) Composition of the cell wall formed protoplasts isolated from cell suspension cultures of Vinca rosea. Planta 140:227–232
Zenk MH (1991) Chasing the enzymes of secondary metabolism: Plant cell cultures as a pot of gold. Phytochemistry 30:3861–3863
Loyola-Vargas VM, Hernández-Sotomayor SMT (2003) Hairy root cultures of Catharanthus roseus: A model for primary and secondary metabolic studies. In: Plant Genetic Engineering Vol. 1: Applications and limitations, Singh RP, Jaiwal PK (eds) Sci Tech Publishing LLC, Houston, pp 297–315
Collin HA (2001) Secondary product formation in plant tissue cultures. Plant Growth Regul 34:119–134
Verpoorte R, Van der Heijden R, Memelink J (2000) Engineering the plant cell factory for secondary metabolite production. Transg Res 9:323–343
Shimazaki A, Ashihara H (1982) Adenine and guanine salvage in suspension cultured cells of Catharanthus roseus. Ann Bot 50:531–534
Hirose F, Ashihara H (1983) Comparison of purine metabolism in suspension cultured cells of different growth phases and stem tissue of Catharanthus roseus. Z Naturforsch [C] 38:375–381
Kartosentono S, Indrayanto G, Zaini NC (2002) The uptake of copper ions by cell suspension cultures of Agave amaniensis, and its effect on the growth, amino acids and hecogenin content. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 68:287–292
Paek KY, Chakrabarty D, Hahn EJ (2005) Application of bioreactor systems for large scale production of horticultural and medicinal plants. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 81:287–300
Ziv M (2005) Simple bioreactors for mass propagation of plants. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 81:277–285
Takayama S, Misawa M (1981) Mass propagation of Begoniahiemalis plantlet by shake culture. Plant Cell Physiol 22:461–467
Paek KY, Hahn E-J, Son SH (2001) Application of biorreactors for large-scale micropropagation systems of plants. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol -Plant 37:149–157
Kartha KK (1984) Elimination of viruses. In: Cell culture and somatic cell genetics of plants. Vol. 1. Laboratory procedures and their applications, Vasil IK (ed) Academic Press Inc., Orlando, pp 577–585
Warren G (1996) The regeneration of plants from cultured cells and tissues. In: Plant cell and tissue culture, Stafford A, Warren G (eds) John Wiley & Sons, England, pp 82–100
Verma N, Ram R, Hallan V, Kumar K, Zaidi AA (2004) Production of cucumber mosaic virus-free chrysanthemums by meristem tip culture. Crop Protection 23:469–473
Eisa S, Koyro HW, Kogel KH, Imani J (2005) Induction of somatic embryogenesis in cultured cells of Chenopodium quinoa. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 81:243–246
Katoh N, Yui M, Sato S, Shirai T, Yuasa H, Hagimori M (2004) Production of virus-free plants from virus-infected sweet pepper by in vitro grafting. Sci Hortic 100:1–6
Verma N, Ram R, Zaidi AA (2005) in vitro production of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus-free begonias through chemo- and thermotherapy. Sci Hortic 103:239–247
Torrance L (1998) Developments in serological methods to detect and identify plant viruses. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 52:27–32
Sharma DR, Kaur R, Kumar K (1996) Embryo rescue in plants – a review. Euphytica 89:325–337
Reed SM (2005) Embryo rescue. In: Plant development and biotechnology, Trigiano RN, Gray DJ (eds) CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida 235–239
Stewart JM (1981) in vitro fertilization and embryo rescue. Env Exp Bot 21:301–315
Alan LM, Henning MJ (2003) Production of haploid and doubled haploid plants of melon (Cucumis melo L.) for use in breeding for multiple virus resistance. Plant Cell Rep 21:1121–1128
Martínez-Palacios A, Ortega-Larrocea MP, Chávez VM, Bye R (2003) Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis of Agave victoriae -reginae: Considerations for its conservation. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 74:135–142
Manjkhola S, Dhar U, Joshi M (2006) Organogenesis, embryogenesis, and synthetic seed production in Arnebia euchroma – A critically endangered medicinal plant of the Himalaya. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 41:244–248
Moebius-Goldammer KG, Mata-Rosas M, Chávez-Avila VM (2003) Organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus (Lem.) K. Schum. (Cactaceae), an endemic and endangered Mexican species. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 39:388–393
West FR Jr, Mika ES (1957) Synthesis of atropine by isolated roots and root–callus cultures of belladonna. Bot Gaz 119:50–54
Straus J (1959) Anthocyanin synthesis in corn endosperm tissue cultures 1. Identity of the pigments and general factors. Plant Physiol 34:536–541
Tulecke W, Nickell LG (1959) Production of large amounts of plant tissue by submerged culture. Science 130:863–864
Tabata M, Ogino T, Yoshioka K, Yoshikawa N, Hiraoka N (1978) Selection of cell lines with higher yield of secondary products. In: Frontiers of Plant Tissue Culture, Thorpe TA (ed) The International Association for Plant Tissue Culture, Calgary, Canada, pp 213–221
Fujita Y, Hara Y, Suga C, Marimoto T (1981) Production of shikonin derivatives by cell suspension cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon. II. A new medium for the production of shikonin derivatives. Plant Cell Rep 1:61–63
Hara Y, Morimoto T, Fujita Y (1987) Production of shikonin derivatives by cell suspension cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon V. Differences in the production between callus and suspension cultures. Plant Cell Rep 6:8–11
Fujita Y, Takahashi S, Yamada Y (1985) Selection of cell lines with high productivity of shikonin derivatives by protoplast culture of Lithospermum erythrorhizon cells. Agric Biol Chem 49:1755–1759
Mizukami H, Konoshima M, Tabata M (1977) Effect od nutritional factors on shikonin derivative formation in Lithospermum callus cultures. Phytochemistry 16:1183–1186
Widholm JM (1977) Selection and characterization of biochemical mutants. In: Plant tissue culture and its bio-technological application, Barz W, Reinhard E, Zenk MH (eds) Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 112–122
Eilert U (1998) Induction of alkaloid biosynthesis and accumulation in plants and in vitro cultures in response to elicitation. In: Alkaloids. Biochemistry, ecology, and medicinal applications, Roberts MF, Wink M (eds) Plenum Press, New York, pp 219–238
Kurz WGW, Constabel F, Eilert U, Tyler RT (1988) Elicitor treatment: a method for metabolite production by plant cell cultures in vitro. In: Topics in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1987, Breimer DD, Speiser P (eds) Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam, pp 283–290
Ketchum REB, Gibson DM, Croteau RB, Shuler ML (1999) The kinetics of tax-oid accumulation in cell suspension cultures of Taxus following elicitation with methyl jasmonate. Biotechnol Bioeng 62:97–105
Lee-Parsons CWT, Ertük S, Tengtrakool J (2004) Enhancement of ajmalicine production in Catharanthus roseus cell cultures with methyl jasmonate is dependent on timing and dosage of elicitation. Biotechnol Lett 26:1595–1599
Xu MJ, Dong JF, Zhu MY (2005) Nitric oxide mediates the fungal elicitor-induced hypericin production of Hypericum perforatum cell suspension cultures through a jasmonic-acid-dependent signal pathway. Plant Physiol 139:991–998
Brodelius P (1985) The potential role of immobilization in plant cell biotechnology. Trends Biotechnol 3:280–285
Yeoman MM (1987) Techniques, characteristics, properties, and commercial potential of immobilized plant cells. In: Cell culture and somatic cell genetics of plants. Vol. 4. Cell culture in phytochemistry, Constabel F, Vasil IK (eds) Academic Press, Co., San Diego, pp 197–215
Hughes EH, Hong SB, Gibson SI, Shanks JV, San KY (2004) Metabolic engineering of the indole pathway in Catharanthus roseus hairy roots and increased accumulation of tryptamine and serpentine. Metabolic Engineering 6:268–276
Verpoorte R, Memelink J (2002) Engineering secondary metabolite production in plants. Curr Opi Biotechnol 13:181–187
Ayora-Talavera T, Chappell J, Lozoya-Gloria E, Loyola-Vargas VM (2002) Overexpression in Catharanthus roseus hairy roots of a trucated hamster 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase gene. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 97:135–145
Rommens CM (2006) Kanamycin resistance in plants: an unexpected trait controlled by a potentially multifaceted gene. Trends Plant Sci 11:317–319
Nap JP, Metz PLJ, Escaler M, Conner AJ (2003) The release of genetically modified crops into the environment. Part I. Overview of current status and regulations. Plant J 33:1–18
Power JB, Cummind SE, Cocking EC (1970) Fusion of isolated protoplasts. Nature 225:1016–1018
Cocking EC (2000) Turning point article plant protoplasts. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 36:77–82
Davey MR, Cocking EC, Freeman J, Pearce N, Tudor I (1980) Transformation of petunia protoplasts by isolated Agrobacterium plasmids. Plant Sci Lett 18:307–313
Schell J, Van Montagu M, Holsters M, Zambryski P, Joos H, Inzé D, Herrera-Estrella L, Depicker A, De Block M, Caplan A, Dhaese P, Van Haute E, Hernalsteens JP, De Greve H, Leemans J, Deblaere R, Willmitzer L, Schröder J, Otten L (1983) Ti plasmids as experimental gene vectors for plants. In: Advances in gene technology: molecular genetics of plants and animals, Downey K, Voellmy RW, Ahmad F, Schultz J (eds) Academic Press, New York/London, pp 191–209
Miki B, McHugh S (2004) Selectable marker genes in transgenic plants: applications, alternatives and biosafety. J Biotechnol 107:193–232
Goldstein DA, Tinland B, Gilbertson LA, Staub JM, Bannon GA, Goodman RE, McCoy RL, Silvanovich A (2005) Human safety and genetically modified plants: a review of antibiotic resistance markers and future transformation selection technologies. Journal of Applied Microbiology 99:7–23
Lee M, Lee K, Lee J, Noh EW, Lee Y (2005) AtPDR12 contributes to lead resistance in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 138:827–836
Song W-Y, Soh EJ, Martinoia E, Lee YJ, Yang YY, Jasinski M, Forestier C, Hwang I, Lee Y (2003) Engineering tolerance and accumulation of lead and cadmium in transgenic plants. Nat Biotechnol 21:914–919
Zenk MH (1995) Chasing the enzymes of alkaloid biosytnhesis. In: Organic reactivity: Physical and biological aspects, Golding BT, Maskill H (eds) The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 89–109
Verpoorte R, Van der Heijden R Memelink J (1998) Plant biotechnology and the production of alkaloids. Prospects of metabolic engineering. In: The Alkaloids. Vol. 50, Cordell GA (ed) Academic Press, San Diego, pp 453–508
Choi SM, Son SH, Yun SR, Kwon OW, Seon JH, Paek KY (2000) Pilot–scale culture of adventitious roots of ginseng in a bioreactor system. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 62:187–193
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Emily Wortman–Wunder for editorial assistance. The work of the laboratory of V.M.L.-V. is partially funded by CONACYT (Grant No. 61415). V.M.L-V. is a recipient of scholarship from CONACYT, Mexico.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Loyola-Vargas, V.M., De-la-Peña, C., Galaz-Ávalos, R., Quiroz-Figueroa, F. (2008). Plant Tissue Culture. In: Walker, J.M., Rapley, R. (eds) Molecular Biomethods Handbook. Springer Protocols Handbooks. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-375-6_50
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-375-6_50
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-60327-370-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-375-6
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols