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Retinal Degeneration pp 221–249Cite as

Drosophila melanogaster: A Valuable Genetic Model Organism to Elucidate the Biology of Retinitis Pigmentosa

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Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1834))

Abstract

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a complex inherited disease. It is associated with mutations in a wide variety of genes with many different functions. These mutations impact the integrity of rod photoreceptors and ultimately result in the progressive degeneration of rods and cone photoreceptors in the retina, leading to complete blindness. A hallmark of this disease is the variable degree to which symptoms are manifest in patients. This is indicative of the influence of the environment, and/or of the distinct genetic makeup of the individual.

The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has effectively proven to be a great model system to better understand interconnected genetic networks. Unraveling genetic interactions and thereby different cellular processes is relatively easy because more than a century of research on flies has enabled the creation of sophisticated genetic tools to perturb gene function. A remarkable conservation of disease genes across evolution and the similarity of the general organization of the fly and vertebrate photoreceptor cell had prompted research on fly retinal degeneration. To date six fly models for RP, including RP4, RP11, RP12, RP14, RP25, and RP26, have been established, and have provided useful information on RP disease biology. In this chapter, an outline of approaches and experimental specifications are described to enable utilizing or developing new fly models of RP.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the members of the Knust Lab for fruitful and constant discussions and Julia Eichhorn for help with Fig. 1. Work in the authors’ lab was supported by the Max Planck Society.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany

    Malte Lehmann, Elisabeth Knust & Sarita Hebbar

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  1. Malte Lehmann
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  2. Elisabeth Knust
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  3. Sarita Hebbar
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Correspondence to Elisabeth Knust or Sarita Hebbar .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Human Genetics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Bernhard H. F. Weber

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

    Thomas Langmann

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Lehmann, M., Knust, E., Hebbar, S. (2019). Drosophila melanogaster: A Valuable Genetic Model Organism to Elucidate the Biology of Retinitis Pigmentosa. In: Weber, B.H.F., Langmann, T. (eds) Retinal Degeneration. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1834. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8669-9_16

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