Abstract
We present a model of Dutch disease in which revenue from natural resources is spent on the imports of intermediate and final goods. In the previous study of the Dutch disease model, the natural resources’ revenue is allocated only to the imports of final goods. We simulated Dutch disease according to Resource Movement Effect (RE) and Spending Effect (SE) in both primary and expanded models. The result shows that real appreciation is higher, and de-industrialization status is ambiguous if the revenue of natural resources is allocated to the imports of intermediate and final goods, and intermediate goods as an input in the production of the tradable sector. In other words, there is no guarantee that with the income of natural resources, a country will be industrialized. Real depreciation may occur if the natural resources revenue is invested in the non-tradable sector. The fluctuations of the real exchange rate in natural resource-rich countries are higher than in other countries when they are allocating revenue of natural resources to the imports of intermediate and final goods. This policy is more difficult for countries whose share of natural resources in GDP is more than 7%.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during the current study are available in: (1) World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS, 2018). Data files are available from: https://wits.worldbank.org/. (2) Darvas (2021) ‘Timely measurement of real effective exchange rates’, Working Paper, Bruegel, 23 December 2021. Available at: https://www.bruegel.org/publications/datasets/real-effective-exchange-rates-for-178-countries-a-new-database/. (3) World Development Indicator, World Bank (2020), Available at: https://databank.worldbank.org/reports.aspx?source=2&series=NY.GDP.MKTP.CD&country.
Notes
-The relative price of N is \(\frac{{P_{N} }}{{P_{T} }}\). This ratio is corresponding to the real exchange rate (Corden and Neary, 1982).
-It should be noted that in Eq. (5), parameter of = 0.5, this means that the intensity of labor and capital is the same.
- We have consider K = 10. K choice is voluntary. If we select K large, the number of correlated coefficients will be reduced.
- It should be noted that when > , we have RE > 0. SE is always positive irrespective of the size of the parameters.
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Ghavidel Doostkouei, S., Azizi, K. & Talaneh, A. Can natural resources revenue start industrialization? (A model for Dutch disease). SN Bus Econ 3, 22 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43546-022-00379-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43546-022-00379-z