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Normal spino-pelvic parameters and correlation between lumbar lordosis (LL) and pelvic incidence (PI) in children and adolescents in Indian population

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this work is to describe normal spino-pelvic parameters for pediatric and adolescent Indian population (and compare it with a cohort of different ethnicity) and to find out the correlation of pelvis incidence (PI) and lumbar lordosis (LL)

Methods

129 asymptomatic subjects (66 males, 63 females) with age 4–15 years were studied. Pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), and lumbar lordosis (LL) were measured on lateral whole-spine standing radiographs using computer software and compared in relation to age, sex, and ethnicity. Using correlation and regression analysis, the association and predictability of LL with PI was studied within the entire sample and then among age groups 4–10 and 11–15 years.

Results

Mean PI was 42° ± 8.1°, whereas PT and SS were 12.9° ± 7.8° and 29.3° ± 9.62°, respectively. PI and SS were lower (p < 0.0001), but PT was higher than Caucasians. Overall PI remained unchanged in the age group > 10 years in comparison to the younger age. Mean PT was lower (p = 0.0020), but SS and LL were higher (p = 0.0027 and p = 0.0002 respectively). Angular spino-pelvic parameters were similar between sex groups. Overall correlation between PI and LL was 0.4 (p < 0.0001) which was 0.1 (p = 0.2345) and 0.5 (p < 0.0001) for ages 4–10 and 11–15 years, respectively. Overall, the prediction of PI based on LL is not very accurate with a simple linear term between PI and LL (R2 = 0.1) and only improve marginally with a restricted cubic spline function.

Conclusions

In pediatric and adolescent’ population, ethnicity and age-related variations of normal sagittal spino-pelvic parameters exist and should be considered in patient management.

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Funding

The study was funded by a grant from AOSpine.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, Kothari Medical Center, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700027, India

    Saumyajit Basu

  2. Shalby Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujrat, India

    Anil Solanki

  3. Ortho Plus Specialty Hospital, Rajkot, Gujrat, India

    Dharmesh Patel

  4. The Daniel and Jane Och Spine Hospital, New York-Presbyterian/Allen Hospital, Columbia Univ. Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, New York, USA

    Lawrence G. Lenke

  5. Houston Methodist Department of Neurological Surgery, Houston Methodist Neurosurgical Institute, 17183 IH-45 South, The Woodlands, TX, 77385, USA

    Fernando E. Silva

  6. Kothari Medical Center, Kolkata, 700027, West Bengal, India

    Amitava Biswas

Authors
  1. Saumyajit Basu
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  2. Anil Solanki
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  3. Dharmesh Patel
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  4. Lawrence G. Lenke
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  5. Fernando E. Silva
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  6. Amitava Biswas
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Contributions

The following authors approved the final version of the manuscript: SB, LGL, AS, DP, FES, and AB. All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by SB, LL, DP, AB, and FES. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Dr. Anil Solanki and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Saumyajit Basu.

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Basu, S., Solanki, A., Patel, D. et al. Normal spino-pelvic parameters and correlation between lumbar lordosis (LL) and pelvic incidence (PI) in children and adolescents in Indian population. Spine Deform 9, 941–948 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43390-020-00280-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43390-020-00280-5

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