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Corn cobs and KOH-treated biomasses for indigo carmine removal: kinetics and isotherms

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Abstract

In this work, indigo carmine (IC) removal with corn cob (NCC) and KOH-treated (MCC) biomasses were studied. The removal efficiency (%R) was maximized by varying adsorbent dosages (D), initial concentrations (C0), and pHs. Therefore, D of 4 and 5 g L−1 at 50 mg L−1 of C0 and pH 2 maximized %R for NCC (70%) and MCC (71%). The KOH-based chemical modification significantly enhanced the pore sizes and the point of zero charge. Moreover, the site’s availability also increased. Chemisorption, including adsorbate-adsorbate interaction, addressed kinetics according to the pseudo-second-order and Elovich models. The Langmuir model fit well with the isotherm data suggesting that the process is thermodynamically favored for NCC. Electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and π-related interactions mainly conducted the adsorption process. The optimum adsorption capacities showed that NCC (19.87 mg·g−1) was more efficient than MCC (15.59 mg·g−1) and several reported biomass-based adsorbents. These results suggest that corn cob biomass is a promising low-cost adsorbent to bioremediate IC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología de Microalgas, Fisicoquímica Aplicada y Estudios Ambientales, Programa de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia

    Jaime Echeverría-Pérez, Wendy Carvajal-Palacio, Víctor Vacca-Jimeno & Néstor Cubillán

  2. Centro para el Desarrollo Agroecológico y Agroindustrial - Regional Atlántico, Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje, SENA, Barranquilla, Colombia

    Leandro Gómez-Plata

  3. Programa de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia

    Leandro Gómez-Plata

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  1. Jaime Echeverría-Pérez
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  2. Wendy Carvajal-Palacio
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Echeverría-Pérez, J., Carvajal-Palacio, W., Gómez-Plata, L. et al. Corn cobs and KOH-treated biomasses for indigo carmine removal: kinetics and isotherms. emergent mater. 6, 1217–1229 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-023-00526-8

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