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A novel phosphorous and silicon-containing benzoxazine: highly efficient multifunctional flame-retardant synergist for polyoxymethylene

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Abstract

The synergist of phosphorus and silicon-containing benzoxazine (p-BOZ) was prepared through three steps using phenylphosphonic dichloride, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and 4-methoxyphenol as raw materials. The structure of p-BOZ was demonstrated by 1H NMR. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and melamine (ME) were compounded to form an intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) system that can remarkably improve the flame retardancy of polyoxymethylene (POM). The performances of APP/ME/p-BOZ and the related mechanisms were studied by employing limited oxygen index (LOI), UL 94 rating, cone calorimeter test (CONE), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectral analysis, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the introduced p-BOZ can effectively enhance the char formation ability of the APP/ME/p-BOZ system in the condensed phase and improve the gas-phase performance simultaneously. The POM composites containing 2 wt% p-BOZ compounding with 20 wt% APP and 6 wt% ME reached UL94 V-0 rating and a LOI value of 42.8%. Meanwhile, average HRR, MLR, EHC, SEA, and TSP of the composite all exhibited significant reduction, further conforming that p-BOZ can act as an effective flame-retardant synergist and a smoke suppressant.

Graphical abstract

The synergist of phosphorus and silicon-containing benzoxazine (p-BOZ) was prepared. The POM composites containing 2 wt% p-BOZ compounding with 20 wt% APP and 6 wt% ME reached UL94 V-0 rating and a LOI value of 42.8%.

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Abbreviations

TTI:

Time to ignition

PHRR:

Peak heat release rate

THR:

Total heat release

EHC:

Effective heat of combustion

SEA:

Specific extinction area

MLR:

Mass loss rate

TSP:

Total smoke production

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Funding

This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51703051), Natural Science Foundation of Henan province, China (No. 162102210023 and 162300410018), and Key Project of the Education Department of Henan Province (21A430005).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame Retardant and Functional Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, China

    Xinglong Kang, Xiaomin Fang, Yuanqing Xu, Baoying Liu & Tao Ding

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China

    Xinglong Kang, Zhehong Lu, Weili Feng, Junliang Wang, Xiaomin Fang, Yanpeng Wang & Baoying Liu

  3. School of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China

    Yong Ma

  4. Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

    Duo Pan

  5. Agricultural Solutions America (APT), BASF Beaumont Site, TX, USA

    Rahul Rangrao Patil

  6. Advanced Materials Division, Engineered Multifunctional Composite, LLC, Knoxville, 37934, TN, USA

    Vignesh Murugadoss

Authors
  1. Xinglong Kang
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  2. Zhehong Lu
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  3. Weili Feng
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  4. Junliang Wang
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  5. Xiaomin Fang
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  7. Yanpeng Wang
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  8. Baoying Liu
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  9. Tao Ding
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  10. Yong Ma
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  11. Duo Pan
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  12. Rahul Rangrao Patil
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  13. Vignesh Murugadoss
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xiaomin Fang, Baoying Liu, Yong Ma or Vignesh Murugadoss.

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Kang, X., Lu, Z., Feng, W. et al. A novel phosphorous and silicon-containing benzoxazine: highly efficient multifunctional flame-retardant synergist for polyoxymethylene. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 4, 127–137 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-020-00198-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-020-00198-6

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