Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Reducing static roof displacement and axial forces of columns in tall buildings based on obtaining the best locations for multi-rigid belt truss outrigger systems

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Asian Journal of Civil Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, energy method as a robust method has been used to compute the optimum locations of belt truss and outrigger systems. To achieve this aim, a tall building of constant stiffness along its height, reinforced with a framed tube, shear core and belt truss with outrigger systems has been considered. An equivalent cantilevered beam has been used to model the framed tube system. Here, outrigger–belt truss systems are modeled by rotational springs placed at their spatial position. Utilizing the energy method, belt truss systems are placed at particular positions along the structure’s height, selected so to maximize energy absorption and dissipation. Applicability and accuracy of the proposed method are verified via a numerical example (50-story concrete building) and the results are compared with Stafford Smith’s method. The proposed method demonstrated for several belt truss and outrigger systems a reduction in the values of the roof displacement and axial force in comparison with Stafford Smith’s method. The results show that the structure with two belt–outrigger systems has a better performance in reduction of roof displacement and axial forces (2.3% and 4% reduction, respectively) rather than the one- and three-belt truss systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alavi, A., & Rahgozar, R. (2018). A simple mathematical method for optimal preliminary design of tall buildings with peak lateral deflection constraint. International Journal of Civil Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-018-0349-11-8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2018). Analysis of outrigger numbers and locations in outrigger braced structures using a multiobjective genetic algorithm. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 27(1), e1408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Choi, H. S., Ho, G., Joseph, L., & Mathias, N. (2017). Outrigger design for high-rise buildings. Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ding, J., Wang, S., & Wu, H. (2018). Seismic performance analysis of viscous damping outrigger in super high-rise buildings. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 27(13), e1486.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fang, B., Zhao, X., Yuan, J., & Wu, X. (2018). Outrigger system analysis and design under time-dependent actions for super-tall steel buildings. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 27(12), e1492.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoenderkamp, J. C. D. (2008). Second outrigger at optimum location on high-rise shear wall. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 17(3), 619–634.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jahanshahi, M. R., & Rahgozar, R. (2013). Optimum location of outrigger–belt truss in tall buildings based on maximization of the belt truss strain energy. International Journal of Engineering-Transactions A: Basics, 26(7), 693–700.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jahanshahi, M. R., Rahgozar, R., & Malekinejad, M. (2012). A simple approach to static analysis of tall buildings with a combined tube-in-tube and outrigger–belt truss system subjected to lateral loading. International Journal of Engineering-Transactions A: Basics, 25(3), 289–300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamgar, R., & Rahgozar, R. (2015). Determination of optimum location for flexible outrigger systems in non-uniform tall buildings using energy method. International Journal of Optimization in Civil Engineering, 5(4), 433–444.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamgar, R., & Rahgozar, R. (2017). Determination of optimum location for flexible outrigger systems in tall buildings with constant cross section consisting of framed tube, shear core, belt truss and outrigger system using energy method. International Journal of Steel Structures, 17(1), 1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamgar, R., & Saadatpour, M. M. (2012). A simple mathematical model for free vibration analysis of combined system consisting of framed tube, shear core, belt truss and outrigger system with geometrical discontinuities. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 36(10), 4918–4930.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Khatibinia, M., Gholami, H., & Kamgar, R. (2018). Optimal design of tuned mass dampers subjected to continuous stationary critical excitation. International Journal of Dynamics and Control, 6(3), 1094–1104.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Malekinejad, M., & Rahgozar, R. (2013). An analytical approach to free vibration analysis of multi-outrigger–belt truss-reinforced tall buildings. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 22(4), 382–398.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masoodi, A. R. (2018). Analytical solution for optimum location of belt truss based on stability analysis. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Structures and Buildings, 1, 1. https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.17.001871-7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohammadnejad, M., & Haji Kazemi, H. (2017). Dynamic response analysis of a combined system of framed tubed, shear core and outrigger–belt truss. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering (BHRC), 18(8), 1211–1228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohammadnejad, M., & Haji Kazemi, H. (2018). A new and simple analytical approach to determining the natural frequencies of framed tube structures. Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 65(1), 111–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nanduri, P. R. K., Suresh, B., & Hussain, M. I. (2013). Optimum position of outrigger system for high-rise reinforced concrete buildings under wind and earthquake loadings. American Journal of Engineering Research, 2(8), 76–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahgozar, R., & Sharifi, Y. (2009). An approximate analysis of combined system of framed tube, shear core and belt truss in high-rise buildings. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 18(6), 607–624.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rostami, S., & Shojaee, S. (2017). Alpha-modification of cubic B-Spline direct time integration method. International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, 17(10), 1750118.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Rostami, S., & Shojaee, S. (2018). A family of cubic B-spline direct integration algorithms with controllable numerical dissipation and dispersion for structural dynamics. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering, 42(1), 17–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, B. S., & Salim, I. (1981). Parameter study of outrigger-braced tall building structures. Journal of the Structural Division, 107(10), 2001–2014.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, B. S., & Salim, I. (1983). Formulae for optimum drift resistance of outrigger braced tall building structures. Computers & Structures, 17(1), 45–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stafford Smith, B., & Coull, A. (1991). Tall building structures: Analysis and design. Hoboken: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taranath, B. S. (1998). Steel, concrete, and composite design of tall buildings. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taranath, B. S. (2016). Structural analysis and design of tall buildings: Steel and composite construction. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Tavakoli, R., Kamgar, R., & Rahgozar, R. (2018). The best location of belt truss system in tall buildings using multiple criteria subjected to blast loading. Civil Engineering Journal, 4(6), 1338–1353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y., Zhou, H., Shi, Y., Huang, Y., Shi, G., & Wen, S. (2011). Seismic analysis of a super high-rise steel structure with horizontal strengthened storeys. Frontiers of Architecture and Civil Engineering in China, 5(3), 394.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeidabadi, N. A., Mirtalae, K., & Mobasher, B. (2004). Optimized use of the outrigger system to stiffen the coupled shear walls in tall buildings. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 13(1), 9–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, J., Zhang, Z. X., Zhao, W. G., Zhu, H. P., & Zhou, C. S. (2007). Safety analysis of optimal outriggers location in high-rise building structures. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A, 8(2), 264–269.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, Y., Zhang, C., & Lu, X. (2016). An inter-story drift-based parameter analysis of the optimal location of outriggers in tall buildings. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 25(5), 215–231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to show their appreciations to the HPC center (Shahr-e-Kord University, Iran) for their collaboration in offering computational clusters, which was a great help to complete this work.

Funding

This study has not been funded.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

    Reza Kamgar

  2. College of Design, Construction and Planning, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Peyman Rahgozar

Authors
  1. Reza Kamgar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Peyman Rahgozar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Reza Kamgar.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kamgar, R., Rahgozar, P. Reducing static roof displacement and axial forces of columns in tall buildings based on obtaining the best locations for multi-rigid belt truss outrigger systems. Asian J Civ Eng 20, 759–768 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-019-00142-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-019-00142-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation