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Reliability and validity of the timed 360° turn test in people with Parkinson’s disease

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Key Summary Points

AbstractSection Aim

To determine the reliability and validity of the timed 360° turn test in people with Parkinson’s Disease (PwPD).

AbstractSection Findings

The timed 360° turn test was found to have excellent intrarater, interrater, and test–retest reliability, and was correlated with functional mobility, functional and dynamic balance, motor symptoms, and severity and stage of the disease in Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The time taken to complete 360° turn was found to well discriminate PwPD from healthy people and fallers from non-fallers with PD.

AbstractSection Message

The timed 360° turn test is a clinically available measurement tool for assessing turning ability and predicting both physical performance and PD-specific impairments in PD.

Abstract

Purpose

The objectives of this study were to examine (1) the intrarater, interrater, and test–retest reliability of the timed 360° turn test in people with Parkinson’s Disease (PwPD); (2) the minimum detectable change in the timed 360° turn test times; (3) the concurrent and discriminant validity of the timed 360° turn test; (4) the cut-off times which best discriminate PwPD from healthy people and fallers from non-fallers with Parkinson’s Disease (PD).

Methods

Fifty-four PwPD and 32 healthy people were included. The timed 360° turn test was administered along with Timed Up and Go Test, Berg Balance Scale, Four Square Step Test, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, and Hoehn and Yahr Scale. In addition, PwPD were categorized into fallers and non-fallers based on fall history. Reliability analyses were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients in a subgroup of 38 PwPD.

Results

The timed 360° turn test had excellent intrarater, interrater, and test–retest reliability. It was strongly correlated with other outcome measures (p < 0.001). In both sides, significant differences in the timed 360° turn test times were found between PwPD and healthy people and between fallers and non-fallers with PD (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The timed 360° turn test times of 3.76–3.89 s were found to best discriminate PwPD from healthy people, while 5.46–5.74 s were found to best discriminate fallers from non-fallers with PD. The minimum detectable change in the timed 360° turn test times were 1.98 s for dominant side and 1.48 s for non-dominant side in PwPD.

Conclusions

The timed 360° turn test is a reliable, valid, and clinically available tool for assessing turning ability in PwPD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

    Fatih Soke, Arzu Guclu-Gunduz, Cagla Ozkul & Cagri Gulsen

  2. Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey

    Taskin Ozkan

  3. Department of Neurology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Bilge Kocer

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  1. Fatih Soke
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  2. Arzu Guclu-Gunduz
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Correspondence to Fatih Soke.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Research Committee (Gazi University Clinical Research Ethics Committee, Ethical number: 441 at date 2018-06-11) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

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Soke, F., Guclu-Gunduz, A., Ozkan, T. et al. Reliability and validity of the timed 360° turn test in people with Parkinson’s disease. Eur Geriatr Med 11, 417–426 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-019-00285-y

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