Abstract
Input-output (IO) analysis is a useful tool for the assessment of the inter-relations between different economic activities. Additionally, it can be combined with bottom-up data, i.e. energy-efficient technology-specific data, costs and cost structures, allowing to estimate the Economic-Energy-Environmental (E3) impacts intertwined with the investment on this type of technologies within a comprehensive and consistent framework. With the foregoing in mind, an adjusted Economic IO Lifecycle Assessment (EIO LCA) modelling framework has been built with real data based on the World IO Database to appraise the impacts of fostering the investment in nine distinct energy-efficient appliances typically used in India’s residential sector. A large platform of real data for India’s residential sector has also been gathered considering different sources of information, namely the number of operating days, the lifetime and the investment cost of each energy-efficient appliance evaluated. Finally, it was possible to compute the net E3 impacts obtainable with the use of energy-efficient technologies when contrasted with business-as-usual appliances in India. An economic analysis was also performed for the technologies under analysis specifically addressing the net present value, the savings to investment ratio and the cost of conserved energy. Finally, a correlation study of all the indicators obtained has been conducted in order to study the trade-offs involved in our multiperspective assessment.
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Abbreviations
- AEC:
-
Avoided energy cost
- BAT:
-
Best available technology
- BAU:
-
Business as usual
- CCE:
-
Cost of conserved energy
- CF:
-
Ceiling fan
- COM:
-
Computer
- CRF:
-
Capital recovery factor
- E3:
-
Economy, Energy and Environment
- EG:
-
Electric water heater/geyser
- EIO:
-
Economic input-output
- EMP:
-
Employment
- FR:
-
Freezer
- GDP:
-
Gross domestic product
- GHG:
-
Greenhouse gas
- GVA:
-
Gross value added
- GWP:
-
Global warming potential
- IND:
-
India
- IO:
-
Input-output
- kWh:
-
Kilowatt-hour
- LCA:
-
Life cycle assessment
- NPV:
-
Net present value
- SIR:
-
Savings to investment ratio
- TFL:
-
Tubular fluorescent lamp
- TV:
-
Television
- WEP:
-
Water electric pump
- WM:
-
Washing machine
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Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge Energy for Sustainability Initiative, University of Coimbra, Portugal, and the financial support from FCT/Portugal for PhD scholarship SFRH/BD/52308/2013 and MIT-Portugal Program. This work has also been supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under project grant UID/MULTI/00308/2013.
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Singh, V.K., Henriques, C.O. & Martins, A.G. A Multiperspective Assessment of Best Available Energy End-Use Technologies in India’s Households. Process Integr Optim Sustain 3, 89–99 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41660-018-0054-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41660-018-0054-1