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“Should We Have Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata ... or a Hot Dinner?” Resource Stress as an Alternative to the Abandonment of Peel Town, Swan River Colony, 1829–1830

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Abstract

Peel town, one of many coastal camps established with the 1829 British colonization of the Swan River in the southwest of Australia, collapsed after 11 months of hardship. It has been long considered that dislike of the camp’s leader, Thomas Peel, was the main reason for the abandonment of the camp. However, the analysis of charcoal from hearths, fireplaces, and ash pits associated with five dwellings from the camp suggests that, during their stay, colonists exhausted local wood as fuel, forcing them to use timber containers, furniture, and ships’ timbers as firewood. The results propose that colonists were under extreme resource stress, which contributed to the camp’s abandonment.

Extracto

La ciudad de Peel, uno de los muchos campamentos costeros establecidos durante la colonización británica en 1829 del Río Swan en el suroeste de Australia, se derrumbó tras 11 meses de adversidades. Se ha considerado durante mucho tiempo que la aversión del líder del campamento, Thomas Peel, fue el principal motivo para el abandono del campamento. Sin embargo, el análisis del carbón vegetal de los hogares, chimeneas y pozos de cenizas asociados a cinco viviendas del campamento sugiere que, durante su estancia, los colonizadores agotaron la madera local como combustible, viéndose forzados a utilizar contenedores de madera, muebles, y madera de barcos como leña. Los resultados sugieren que los colonizadores estuvieron bajo una presión extrema con respecto a los recursos, lo que contribuyó al abandono del campamento.

Résumé

La ville de Peel, l’un des nombreux camps côtiers établis avec la colonisation britannique de 1829 du fleuve Swan dans le sud-ouest de l’Australie, s’est effondrée après 11 mois de difficultés. Il a été longtemps considéré que l’aversion de Thomas Peel, le chef du camp, avait été la principale raison de l’abandon du camp. Cependant, l’analyse du charbon des foyers, des cheminées et des fosses aux cendres associés à cinq habitations du camp suggère que, pendant leur séjour, les colons avaient épuisé le bois local comme combustible, ce qui les avait forcé à utiliser des conteneurs et des meubles en bois, ainsi que le bois des navires comme bois de chauffage. Les résultats suggèrent que les colons avaient été soumis à un épuisement extrême des ressources, ce qui avait contribué à l’abandon du camp.

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Acknowledgments:

Thanks to Tom Perrigo and Karl Clements of the National Trust of Australia (Western Australia Branch), Damien Hassan and Peter Dimarco of the State Records Office of Western Australia, and members of the Department of Environment and Conservation for supporting this research. Larry Davis, Steve Saupe, Mike Roske, and Tom Kroll from the College of St Benedict/Saint John’s University, Minnesota, and Robert Frost-Stevenson from Gippsland, Victoria, were invaluable in assisting in the gathering of non–Western Australian wood samples. Thanks also to Kathleen Del Casale of the University of Notre Dame Australia for supplying valuable feedback on drafts. I dedicate this paper to the many study-abroad students from the University of Portland, Oregon, who have assisted with the research since 2007. The U. S. Northwest is very special to me, and I thank the many from the University of Portland who assisted with the research and for their humor: Abigail Warner, Danielle Fletcher, Caitlin Nusbaum, Kendra Chritz, Laura Smith, Hannah Taft, Kelsey Anderson, Mark Durbetaki, Kimberly Ann Mow, Lizaura Rivera, Shaylee Roberts, Sasha Tenzin, Megan Foltz, Kurt Berning, Megan Osborn, Brittanie McGurk, Emelia Satterwhite, Ona Golonka, Leah Sathrum, Jenny Carson, Kayley Coogan, Crystal Vinalon, Robyn Gentry, Alissa White, Brian Walsh, Katherine Purdy, Megan Kirchgasler, Maria Kidder, Elizabeth Pomeroy, Michelle Lee, Hannah Weber, Ericka “glass master” Grosch, Derek Duman, Douglas Orofino, Christina Austin, Katherine McConn, Traci Vanaken, Stephanie Chamness, Nilsa Gibson, Sarah McGinnity, Aisha Vandervelde, Anne Marie Martin, Tai White Toney, Melanie Pesut, Yerutí Estigarribia, Kathryn Michurski, Kathryn Stempel, Sarah Boomer, Laura Mueller, Marisa Barrie, Paige Reynolds, Megan Tamblyn, Victoria Moore, Nicole Hurner, Emmalee Kuhlmann, Christen Sheffer, Allison Hogan, Rebecca Cuddihy, Rebecca Newcomb, Hannah Olney, Meaghan Bradley-Bussell, Laura Manning, Reis Haitsuka, Samantha Smith, Grant Ainsworth, Rhys Coffee, Madeline Henningsen, Megan Nakamae, Sarah Walley, Cathryn Casey, Natalie Fulton, Sara Griffin, Rachel Groven, Camille Hougardy, Taylor Jones, Carly Mayer, Sierra Savage, and Natalie Wiseman.

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    Shane Burke

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Burke, S. “Should We Have Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata ... or a Hot Dinner?” Resource Stress as an Alternative to the Abandonment of Peel Town, Swan River Colony, 1829–1830. Hist Arch 51, 487–505 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41636-017-0060-0

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