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Morphological and molecular characterization of Golovinomyces ambrosiae on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Pakistan, with its impact on plant metabolites and relative Mycorrhizal status

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Abstract

Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces ambrosiae) is one of the most significant leaf diseases in sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus). In the current study, the causative agent is identified morpho-anatomically as well as by molecular methods and is being reported here as a new record for Pakistan. The impact of the causative agent was observed regarding changes in plant metabolites and mycorrhizal establishment as well as by visual ratings of disease index. Results revealed that Golovinomyces ambrosiae is a new and significant leaf pathogen on Helianthus annuus in Pakistan. It can be cultured in vitro and in vivo conditions. For mass production of conidia of powdery mildews, greenhouse conditions are more appropriate than field conditions. It causes significant reduction of primary and secondary metabolites in sunflower. Regarding the influence of this disease on mycorrhizal root colonization, the current study revealed that mycorrhizal arbuscules increased significantly whereas there was no clear effect of disease severity on the number of vesicles observed. The correlation of mycorrhizal association with fungal pathogen infestation is important as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance plants resistance against biotrophic fungal pathogens such as powdery mildews.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to staff of the Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, for providing facilities to perform these experiments. We are also thankful to Dr. Muhammad Imran, Associate Professor, Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan for his help in biochemical analysis. This work was financially supported by University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan under a research project # D/6470/Est-1, entitled ‘SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF SOME FUNGAL PATHOGENS ON WILD PLANTS OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN’ for the fiscal year 2019–2020.

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University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, research project # D/6470/Est-1, Najam-ul-Sehar Sehar Afshan

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  1. Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

    Najam ul Sehar Afshan, Afshan Yaseen, Abdul Rehman Niazi, Asma Zulfiqar, Ameel Riaz,  Qurra-tul-Ain, Maria Riaz & Iffat Fiza

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Afshan, N.u.S., Yaseen, A., Niazi, A.R. et al. Morphological and molecular characterization of Golovinomyces ambrosiae on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Pakistan, with its impact on plant metabolites and relative Mycorrhizal status. J Plant Dis Prot 129, 253–260 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-022-00564-0

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