Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chemical composition, toxic and development- and reproduction-inhibiting effects of some essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae) as fumigants

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is one of the most serious pests of many crops both indoors and outdoors in south-western Turkey (Antalya). In the present study, essential oils (EOs) from five medicinal and aromatic plants [Mentha pulegium L. (Labiatae), Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (Umbelliferae), Pistacia terebinthus L., Schinus molle L. (Anacardiaceae) and Vitex agnus-castus L. (Verbenaceae)] were tested for their fumigant toxic and development- and reproduction-inhibiting effects against the pest under in vivo conditions. In the fumigant toxicity assays, newly emerged (0–24 h) adult females and larvae and 0-24-h-old eggs of the mite were exposed to four different concentrations of each EO for 12 h in separate desiccators (10 L) used as test chambers. In the development- and reproduction-inhibiting assays, newly emerged (0–24 h) female deutonymphs of the mite were separately exposed to a lower concentration (0.5 µL/L for M. pulegium, 2 µL/L for F. vulgare, 2.5 µL/L for P. terebinthus and 10 µL/L for V. agnus-castus and S. molle) of each EO in desiccators for 12 h, and then, 20 survivors from each EO were individually maintained on cotton leaf discs to obtain data on some parameters (adult emergence rate, number of eggs per female, egg-hatching rate, etc.) until there are no living individuals. The results from the study indicated that all the EOs had fumigant effect against the mite in varying degrees. M. pulegium was found to be the most toxic oil against all the biological stages tested (LC50 = 0.60 µL/L air for eggs, 0.60 µL/L air for larvae and 0.49 µL/L air for adult females), followed by F. vulgare (LC50 = 2.67 µL/L air for eggs and adult females, and 2.56 µL/L air for larvae). M. pulegium EO also had the highest development- and reproduction-inhibiting effect on the pest. Fecundity was reduced by 55.9% and egg hatching was inhibited by 29.9% in survivors of deutonymphs of T. urticae fumigated with M. pulegium EO at 0.5 µL/L air for 12 h. In the phytotoxicity assays with tomato, cucumber, Phaseolus and eggplant seedlings, scattered necrotic spots and slight chlorosis only on the young foliage of cucumber seedlings exposed to M. pulegium EO at the highest concentration for 12 h were visual symptoms of phytotoxicity. Overall results indicate that M. pulegium EO can be used in the management of T. urticae in greenhouses as a fumigant for both toxic and development- and reproduction-inhibiting effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abbott WS (1925) A method for computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J Econ Entomol 18:265–267

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adams RP (2007) Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/spectroscopy, 4th edn. Allured Publ. Corp, Carol Stream

    Google Scholar 

  • Ambikadevi D, Samarjit R (1997) Chemical control of red spidermite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) on okra. J Trop Agric 35:38–40

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Basbagci G, Erler F (2013) Evaluation of some essential oils and their major components against mushroom scatopsid flies as fumigants. Fresenius Environ Bull 22:3170–3178

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bulut E, Göçmen H (2000) Pests and their natural enemies on greenhouse vegetables in Antalya. Bull OILB Srop 23:33–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi WI, Lee SG, Park HM, Ahn YJ (2004) Toxicity of plant essential oils to Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). J Econ Entomol 97:553–558

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Court WA, Roy RC, Pocks R (1993) Effect of harvest date on the yield and quality of the essential oil of peppermint. Can J Plant Sci 73:815–824

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dagli F, Tunc I (2000) Resistance to tetradifon in the carmine spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd. Integr Control Prot Crops Mediterr Clim Bull OILB Srop 23:289–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagli F, Tunc I (2001) Dicofol resistance in Tetranychus cinnabarinus: resistance and stability of resistance in populations from Antalya, Turkey. Pest Manag Sci 57(7):609–614

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dogan A, Erler F, Erkan M, Ates AO, Sabanci HS, Polat E (2016) Microbial-based production system: a novel approach for plant growth and pest and disease management in greenhouse-grown peppers (Capsicum annuum L.). J Agric Sci Technol 18:371–386

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Gengaihi SE, Amer SAA, Mohamed SM (1996) Biological activity of thyme oil and thymol against Tetranychus urticae Koch. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz und Umweltschutz 69:157–159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erdemir T, Erler F (2017) Repellent, oviposition-deterrent and egg-hatching inhibitory effects of some plant essential oils against citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri Risso (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). J Plant Dis Prot 124(5):473–479

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erler F (2004) Oviposition deterrency and deterrent stability of some oily substances against the pear psylla Cacopsylla pyri. Phytoparasitica 32(5):479–485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erler F (2005) Fumigant activity of six monoterpenoids from aromatic plants in Turkey against the two stored-product insects confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum, and Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella. J Plant Dis Prot 112(6):602–611

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erler F (2007) Fumigant activity of monoterpenoids against the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.). Integr Prot Stored Products IOBC/wprs Bull 30(2):281–285

    Google Scholar 

  • Erler F, Tosun HS (2017) Plant oils as oviposition deterrents against winterform females of pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Phytoparasitica 45(4):509–515

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erler F, Tunç I (2005) Monoterpenoids as fumigants against greenhouse pests: toxic, development and reproduction-inhibiting effects. J Plant Dis Prot 112:181–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erler F, Erdemir T, Ceylan FO, Toker C (2009) Fumigant toxicity of three essential oils and their binary and tertiary mixtures against the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Fresenenius Environ Bull 18:975–981

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erler F, Ates AO, Bahar Y (2013) Evaluation of two entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, for the control of carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) under greenhouse conditions. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 23(2):233–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Esmaili M, Vojoudi S, Parsaeyan E (2013) Fumigant toxicity of essential oils of Mentha pulegium L. on adults of Callosobruchus maculatus, Tribolium castaneum, Lasioderma serricorne and Sitophilus oryzae in laboratory conditions. Tech J Eng Appl Sci 9:732–735

    Google Scholar 

  • Goff L (1986) Spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) in the Hawaiian Islands. Int J Acarol 12(1):43–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazan A, Gerson U, Tahori AS (1974) Spider mite webbing I. The production of webbing under various environmental conditions. Acarologia 16:68–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill DS (1983) Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisd). In: Hill DS (ed) Agricultural insect pests of the tropics and their control, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 501–502

    Google Scholar 

  • Ho CC, Lo CC, Chen WH (1997) Spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on various crops in Taiwan. J Agric Res China 46:333–346

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isman MB (2006) Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annu Rev Entomol 51:46–66

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim DH, Ahn YJ (2001) Contact and fumigant activities of constituents of Foeniculum vulgare fruit against three coleopteran stored-product insects. Pest Manag Sci 57:301–306

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kordali Ş, Aslan I, Çalmaşur O, Çakır A (2006) Toxicity of essential oils isolated from three Artemisia species and some of their major components to granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Ind Crops Prod 23:162–170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koul O, Walia S, Dhaliwal GS (2008) Essential oils as green pesticides: potential and constraints. Biopestic Int 4:63–84

    Google Scholar 

  • LeOra Software POLO-PC (1994) A user’s guide to probit or logit analysis. LeOra Software, Berkeley, p 28

    Google Scholar 

  • Majeed H, Bian YY, Ali B, Jamil A, Majeed U, Khan QF, Iqbal KJ, Shoemaker CF, Fang Z (2015) Essential oil encapsulations: uses, procedures, and trends. RSC Adv 5(72):58449–58463

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mozaffari F, Abbasipour H, Garjan AS, Sabooric A, Mahmoudvand M (2013) Toxicity and oviposition deterrence and repellency of Mentha pulegium (Lamiacaeae) essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Teteranychidae). J Essent Oil-Bear Plants 16:575–581

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muller RF, Berger BM, Yegen O, Cakir C (1997) Seasonal variation in the chemical compositions of essential oils of selected plants growing wild in Turkey. J Agric Food Chem 45:4821–4825

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Papachristos DP, Stamopoulos DC (2002) Repellent, toxic and reproduction inhibitory effects of essential oil vapours on Acanthocelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). J Stored Prod Res 38:117–128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pavela R (2015) Essential oils for the development of eco-friendly mosquito larvicides: a review. Ind Crops Prod 76:174–187

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pazinato R, Volpato A, Baldissera MD, Santos RCV, Baretta D, Vaucher RA, Giongo JL, Bologon AA, Stefani LM, Da Silva AS (2016) In vitro effect of seven essential oils on the reproduction of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus. J Adv Res 7(6):1029–1034

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Regnault-Roger C, Vincent C, Arnason JT (2012) Essential oils in insect control: low-risk products in a high-stakes world. Annu Rev Entomol 57:405–424

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rice PJ, Coats JR (1994) Insecticidal properties of several monoterpenoids to the housefly (Dip.: Muscidae), red flour beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). J Econ Entomol 87:1172–1179

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SAS Institute Inc. SAS/AF Software (1999) FRAME entry usage and reference. Version 8. SAS Institute, Cary

    Google Scholar 

  • Sertkaya E, Kaya K, Soylu S (2010) Acaricidal activities of the essential oils from several medicinal plants against the carmine spider mite (Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd.) (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Ind Crops Prod 31:107–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaaya E, Kostjukovski M, Eilberg J, Sukprakarn C (1997) Plant oils as fumigants and contact insecticides for the control of stored-product insects. J Stored Prod Res 33:7–15

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma RN, Saxena KN (1974) Orientation and developmental inhibition in the housefly by certain terpenoids. J Med Entomol 11:617–621

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh D, Jain DC (1987) Relative toxicity of various organic solvents generally used in screening plant products for insecticidal activity against house fly Musca domestica L. Indian J Exp Biol 25:569–570

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tapalov V, Zheljazkov V, Kolarov V (1991) Effect of harvesting stages on the yield of fresh material, essential oil, and planting material from Mentha piperita Huds and Mentha arvensis L. Herba Hungarica 1–2:60–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Topuz E, Erler F (2007) Bioefficacy of some essential oils against the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Fresenius Environ Bull 16:1498–1502

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Topuz E, Madanlar N, Erler F (2012) Evaluation of fumigant toxicity of Mentha pulegium essential oil against Tetranychus cinnabarinus under greenhouse conditions. Fresenius Environ Bull 21:2739–2745

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tunc I, Sahinkaya S (1998) Sensivity of two greenhouse pests to vapours of essential oils. Entomol Exp Appl 86:183–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tunc I, Erler F, Dagli F, Calis O (1997) Insecticidal activity of acetone vapours. J Stored Prod Res 33:181–185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu KM, Liu XC, Qin XQ, Luo GQ (1990) Investigation of carmine spider mite (Tetranychus cinnabarinus) resistance to insecticides. Acta Agriculturae Boreali Sinica 5:117–123

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was carried out in Batı-Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BATEM), Antalya, TURKEY. The authors thank Dr. Ramazan Süleyman Göktürk (Department of Biology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey) for identification of the plant species, Dr. Hilal Şahin Nadeem (Department of Food Engineering, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey) for essential oil analyses and Dr. Ömür Baysal (Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey) for critical review of the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Protection Department, Batı Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BATEM), 07100, Antalya, Turkey

    Emine Topuz

  2. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, 35100, Izmir, Turkey

    Nilgun Madanlar

  3. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, 07059, Antalya, Turkey

    Fedai Erler

Authors
  1. Emine Topuz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nilgun Madanlar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Fedai Erler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fedai Erler.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies requiring ethical approval.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Topuz, E., Madanlar, N. & Erler, F. Chemical composition, toxic and development- and reproduction-inhibiting effects of some essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae) as fumigants. J Plant Dis Prot 125, 377–387 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-018-0161-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-018-0161-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation